HomeMy WebLinkAbout22-43 Approving Planning Commission's Adoption of Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan 03-23-2022RESOLUTION N0.22-43
A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TOWN OF
FIRESTONE, COLORADO, RATIFYING AND APPROVING THE
PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION'S ADOPTION OF THE TOWN
OF FIRESTONE HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN
WHEREAS, the Town, acting through its Planning and Zoning Commission, is empowered
pursuant to C.R.S. §§ 31-23-201, et seq., to make, adopt, amend or supplement a master or
comprehensive plan and one or more community plans to guide current and future growth and
development of the municipality; and
WHEREAS, community stakeholders, citizens, properly owners, staff from the Town of
Firestone ("Town"), and the Town's consultants have engaged in a rigorous, comprehensive,
inclusive, transparent and collaborative planning process which has resulted in the Historic Firestone
Neighborhood Plan (the "Plan"), attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein by this
reference; and
WHEREAS, a draft of the Plan has been made available on the Town's website and the public
has been given the opportunity for review and comment; and
WHEREAS, in accordance with C.R.S. § 31-23-208, the Firestone Planning and Zoning
Commission, at its meeting held on March 17, 2022, conducted a public hearing on the Plan,
Following the publication of notice as required by law; and
WHEREAS, following the conclusion of the duly noticed public hearing conducted on March
17, 2022, the Planning and Zoning Commission adopted the Plan; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to and in accordance with the authority set forth in C.R.S. § 31-23-
206(1), the Board of Trustees desires to ratify and approve the Planning and Zoning Commission's
adoption of the Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE PLANNING AND ZONING
COMMISSION OF THE TOWN OF FIRESTONE, COLORADO:
The Board of Trustees hereby ratifies and approves the decision of the Planning and Zoning
Commission adopting the Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan, attached hereto as Exhibit A, as
more particularly set forth in Resolution No. PC-22-07.
PASSED AND ADOPTED this 23rd day of March, 2022.
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN MEMORIAL
GEORGE HEATH
This plan is dedicated to the memory of George E. Heath. George served two
full terms on the Firestone Board of Trustees. In addition to serving as a Trustee,
George served on several boards, commissions, and committees. George and Betty
Heath moved to the Historic Firestone neighborhood in 1998, and immediately,
George Heath had a vision and became an advocate for the neighborhood. His
passion for Historic Firestone was exceeded only by his sincerity and kindness
towards the entire community and the people he served. After reviewing this plan,
Betty, George's wife, shared that as she read through it, "my heart wished George
could see it. This is exactly what he dreamed of the last few years of his life:'
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
• Bobbi Sindelar9 Mayor
• Frank Jimenez, Mayor Pro Tem
• Don Conyac, Trustee
• Sean Doherty, Trustee
• Samantha Meiring, Trustee
• Douglas Sharp, Trustee
• David Whelan, Trustee
PLANNING AND ZONING
COMMISSION
• Dennis Haney, Chairperson
• Timothy Spiegelberg, Vice -Chairperson
• Jaci Dagget, Commissioner
• Amber Harper, Commissioner
• John Damsma, Commissioner
• Casey O'Donnell, Commissioner
• James Sutton, Commissioner
TOWN STAFF
• AJ Krieger, Town Manager
• Todd Bjerkaas, Director of Planning
and Development
• Marty Ostholthoff, Planning Manager
• Millissa Berry, Senior Planner
• Matt Thompson, Senior Planner
• Michelle Dollmaier, Senior Planner
• Julie Pasillas, Director of Public Works
• Tracy Case, Building Division Manager
• Matt Wiederspahn, Town Engineer
• Peter Bornhoff, Civil Engineer
• Paula Mehle, Director of Economic
Development
• Michelle Magelssen, Economic
Development Specialist
STAKEHOLDERS/COMMUNITY MEMBERS
A huge thank you to all community members who contributed to the Historic Firestone
Neighborhood Plan, without whom this Plan would not be possible. Key participants include,
but are not limited to.
- Geradette Borrego
•
Greg Zadel
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................1
» Plan Purpose........................................................................................................................................ 2
» Planning Process and Engagement............................................................................................. 4
» Plan Area Overview.......................................................................................................................... 8
» Neighborhood Opportunities and Constraints..................................................................... 12
CHAPTER 2: PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS ............................. 15
» Community Vision........................................................................................................................... 16
» Land Use and Built Form............................................................................................................... 20
» Mobility and Streetscapes............................................................................................................ 26
» Infrastructure and Utilities........................................................................................................... 34
» Character and Charm..................................................................................................................... 36
CHAPTER 3: CATALYTIC PROJECTS.................................................................... 39
» Gateways............................................................................................................................................ 40
» Plaza Concept................................................................................................................................... 44
» Saddleback Estates......................................................................................................................... 48
» Overlook Property.......................................................................................................................... 50
CHAPTER 4: DESIGN GUIDELINES....................................................................... 53
» Design Guidelines Introduction...................................................................................................54
» Private Realm - Existing Neighborhoods................................................................................. 56
» Private Realm -New Development.. 0 @a *of a 0 a 0 **&too 6 a a *&food 6664440 a a a 64 a a 0 4 0 6 a@ of@@ ad&* 0 0 0 66406440*4 a 4 Sao A a boa a a 640 4 5 4 4 58
» Public Realm - Streetscapes......................................................................................................... 64
» Public Realm - Plaza and Public Spaces.................................................................................... 68
CHAPTER 5: IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY......................................................73
» Project and Program Prioritization Matrix............................................................................... 74
» Funding Mechanisms..................................................................................................................... 80
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1 ) INTRODUCTION
Historic Firestone is a unique neighborhood in
a rapidly growing suburban setting. It benefits
from rich history, a strong community, and
a small-town feel. This Plan aims to preserve
and leverage the strengths of the area as
Firestone revitalizes the neighborhood with
new investment and amenities. This Chapter
introduces the Plan, the robust engagement
process, and the existing conditions.
IN THIS CHAPTER:
1.0 Plan Purpose
1.1 Planning Process and Engagement
1.2 Plan Area Overview
1.3 Neighborhood Opportunities and Constraints
PLAN PURPOSE
The Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan will be the guiding
document for the community and elected officials when
making decisions related to policies, projects, and programs
for the original Town plat and the surrounding area.
Introduction
This Neighborhood Plan provides an evaluation of
the conditions and unique aspects of the original
Firestone Town site and present goals and policies to
guide investment and program development decisions.
It is intended to assist in the creation of appropriate
commercial uses, provision of housing diversity, and
reduction of vacancy by capitalizing on the strengths
and understanding the challenges of the area. Equally
important is the intention to enhance the residential area
and ensure future development is compatible with the
existing neighborhood.
The ultimate goal is to ensure a vibrant, lively, safe, well-
kept,clean and inclusive environment for commercial
property owners and existing and new residents.
BACKGROUND
The Neighborhood Plan kicked off acommunity-
led process in June of 2021. This Plan is envisioned
as part of the Town of Firestone's larger, upcoming
Comprehensive Master Plan process. The intention is
to ensure that Firestone's original neighborhood is not
overlooked or underserved as the community grows.
JUNE � JULY � AUGUST � SEPTI=MBER
APPROACH
In order to ensure a timely but thorough process,
the Plan was broken into four phases with
community engagement occurring throughout the
year. The focus and intent of the phases was:
• Phase 1: Organize — Established a strong
baseline for the planning process including
an analysis of existing conditions, creating a
robust public engagement plan, and resident
and business stakeholder interviews.
• Phase 2: Visualize — Established a community
vision and set measurable goals, as well as key
focus areas for the Plan development.
• Phase 3: Strategize — Developed a preliminary
set of recommendations, guidelines, and visual
concepts, to be prioritized and revised based
upon stakeholder inputs.
• Phase 4: Realize —Created an implementation
strategy and developed the Draft and Final
Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan.
OCTOBER � NOVEMBER I DE�EMBER EARLY 2022
PHASE 1: PHASE 2: PHASE 3: - - PLAN
ORGANIZE VISUALIZE STRATEGIZE REALIZ
Deliverable:
Neighborhood
Briefing Book
aaoPr�oN
Community Catalyst Project Development of Refinement .Design 'Community
Meeting fi11 Design Workshop Plan Concepts of Plan Guidelines Feedback
Intercept Events Development of Community Concepts Implementation Final Plan
Plan Concepts Meeting t12 ward Strategy and Development
Update Draft Plan and Delivery
2
FIRESTONE INTRODUCTION
Plan Organization
The Plan is organized in five major chapters to clearly
present the necessary background information and
organize the various types of recommendations. It
includes the following chapters and subsections:
1. Introduction -Provides necessary background
information and neighborhood analysis.
1.0 Plan Purpose
1.1 Planning Process and Engagement
1.2 Plan Area Overview
1.3 Neighborhood Opportunities and Constraints
2. Plan Framework Recommendations -Outlines the
established vision and major Plan recommendations.
2.0 Community Vision
2.1 Land Use and Built Form
2.2 Mobility and Streetscapes
2.3 Infrastructure and Utilities
2.4 Character and Charm
3. Catalytic Projects -Presents recommendations
and graphics for suggested improvement projects
and development in the neighborhood.
3.0 Gateways
3.1 Plaza Concept
3.2 Saddleback Estates
3.3 Overlook Property
4. Design Guidelines -Provides design and
maintenance best practices for improvements.
4.0 Private Realm -Existing Neighborhoods
4.1 Private Realm -New Development
4.2 Public Realm -Streetscapes
4.3 Public Realm -Plaza and Public Spaces
5. Implementation -Outlines next steps and action
items for bringing recommendations tofruition.
5.0 Project and Program Prioritization Matrix
5.1 Funding Mechanisms
Parks and Open Space, Hart Park
Historic Buildings, Former Screwball Inn
First Street Businesses and Post Office
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 1 3
® PLANNING PROCESS AND ENGAGEMENT
Throughout the Historic Firestone planning process the local
community was frequently and meaningfully engaged in
visioning, strategizing, development, and review. This Plan
would not exist without their input.
Engagement Methods
Community engagement was integrated into all the
phases of the Plan process to ensure the outcomes
continued to align with the desires of the community.
A variety of engagement methods were used to allow
people to engage in different ways based on their
availability and interest. The diverse and ongoing
engagement also helped the Project Team reach as
many voices and perspectives as possible within the
Historic Firestone Neighborhood,
STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS
At the outset of the process, the Plan Team met with
selected members of the community in an informal
stakeholder group discussion to gain their unique
insights about the needs of the neighborhood.
Participants included residents, business owners, and
property owners. Questions asked about existing hurdles,
redevelopment potential, and possible interventions.
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COMMUNITY MEETINGS
Two community meetings were held at the former Town
Hall to facilitate conversation and feedback with the
community at key intervals. Community members were
also given the opportunity to comment on the Draft Plan,
posted digitally online.
The first community meeting focused on understanding
the assets, issues, and opportunities through the lens of
local residents and business owners. Participants also
reviewed the existing conditions findings, provided their
preferences for public spaces, streetscape elements,
land uses, and building types and shared their vision and
favorite things about the community.
The second community meeting presented concepts
and recommendations coming out of the first meeting
and the catalytic sites charrette. Residents provided
feedback on design ideas for gateways, streetscapes,
and a potential new plaza.
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INTERCEPT EVENTS
Multiple intercept events were held throughout the
summer to "meet people where they are" and to capture
more involvement in the project. Feedback boards
and fun activities, including sticker exercises, "I love
Firestone" write-in sheets, and cornhole were brought
to the community Food and Flick Fridays twice during
the month of July. At these events, which include food
trucks and a movie in the park, community members
were able to learn about the project and process, sign
up for regular updates, tell the Team what they love
most about Historic Firestone, and answer questions
about the types of public spaces, streetscape elements,
new land uses, and building types and styles they want
to see in Historic Firestone.
CATALYTIC SITES CHARRETTE/OPEN HOUSE
In mid -August the Plan Team hosted a design charrette
with a variety of selected community members to
brainstorm design concepts for potential Historic
Firestone projects. Using digital and physical tools such
as Sketchup, Streetmix, and printed maps and markers,
participants gave real time suggestions and shaped
design ideas for a plaza on the Town Hall site, the
proposed land use concept, and the major streetscapes.
This input was taken into account and the proposed
concepts were revised and presented at a community
open house, following the charrettte. Additional
feedback and/or confirmation of the plan concepts were
achieved during the community open house.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES MEETINGS
AND WORKSESSIONS
At several points during the year, the Plan process
to -date was presented to the Firestone Town Board of
Trustees. These meetings provided a detailed update
on the engagement, concepts, and recommendations
of the project and gave the Board members the
opportunity to provide their unique insight and
feedback to the process. The Town Planning and Zoning
Commission was also updated on the project in tandem
with the Board. Engaging Board members throughout
the Plan's development allows a smoother adoption and
implementation process at the Plan's completion.
July Food and Flick Intercept Event
Community Meeting #1
Community Meeting #2
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 1 5
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Key Takeaways
Several ideas, questions, and concerns were consistently
heard from community members throughout the process.
These recurring themes were essential to shaping the
Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan goals, strategies,
and recommendations. These key takeaways from the
public, listed below, formed the foundation of the Plan.
• Establish a neighborhood Main Street with historic
character.
• Create better places for community gathering.
• Improve roadways, alleyways, utilities and landscaping
- "put a roof on it first:'
• Retain the eclectic character of the neighborhood, and
tell the story of the neighborhood.
• Develop the large vacant areas including the annexed
land and the Town Hall site.
• Provide more restaurants, cafes, and retail stores for
the neighborhood to enjoy.
• Create more outdoor public spaces.
• Improve the streetscapes with better and more
lighting, planters, trees, decorative paving, and other
pedestrian amenities.
• Catalyze reinvestment and redevelopment along
First Street.
evelop the Town Hall area as an attraction and a
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place to do things.
• Provide community -oriented building uses as part of
new development.
• Incorporate historic features in public spaces and
gateways.
6 FIRESTONE INTRODUCTION
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 1 7
® PLAN AREA OVERVIEW
Historic Firestone is a charming, active neighborhood that is
considered the heart of the community. This section describes
the existing conditions of the neighborhood, which includes
the original Town plat and surrounding areas, and what makes
Historic Firestone unique.
Background
Historic Firestone is where the original Firestone
settlement was located. The settlement was established to
provide support to the local coal miners and their families.
The original plat encompassing Historic Firestone ran
north to Grant Avenue, east to Fourth Street, south to
McClure Avenue and west to First Street. The area is set on
a traditional street grid with the intersection of Colorado
Boulevard and Grant Avenue being a gateway into Historic
Firestone. Since platting, the neighborhood has grown
to encompass areas between Colorado Boulevard and
Frontier Street and from McClure Avenue to properties
north of Grant Avenue. Although the plan is called the
Historic Firestone Neighborhood Plan, the Plan Area is
the larger neighborhood beyond the original plat area.
The majority of the land uses in the subarea are single-
familydetached residential. Houses in the neighborhood
range from nearly 100 years old to those built within the
last couple of decades. A few multi -family developments
and undeveloped lots are sprinkled throughout the area.
Several commercial businesses exist along First Street,
Grant Avenue, and Colorado Boulevard. A number of parks
and recreation facilities are also located in the area. The
Town's Fourth of July parade and the firework display have
traditionally taken place here and continue today.
Historic Firestone is within an urban renewal area, which
aims to address blight and renew and revitalize portions
of Firestone. The urban renewal area primarily includes
the neighborhood's streets and not the parcels. This
Plan aims to complement the urban renewal plan by
guiding investment and development. It is anticipated
that the Town, the Firestone Urban Renewal Authority,
and the private sector will work together to invest in the
neighborhood overtime,
Firestone is growing rapidly (its population has
soared from 1,908 in 2000 to nearly 17,730 in
2022) and many new homes and businesses have
been built in the northern portion of the Town.
The Town Hall, previously located in the Plan Area,
was recently relocated to Central Park where a
new police station and court facility was built in
2019. As new amenities, services, and investments
occur outside of the area, the Town wants to
ensure that equal care and appropriate investment
occurs in Historic Firestone and that the quality
of life is sustained if not enhanced. To do this, a
neighborhood plan is needed for the area to provide
the framework from which the Town can guide and
prioritize improvements and investments.
EXISTING CONDITIONS SUMMARY
This section of the Plan provides an important
g understandinof the conditions within the Historic
Firestone planning area. It provides a snapshot
of the neighborhood's current characteristics by
summarizing technical information related to land
use, development, demographics, and market
potential, with qualitative input received from
outreach efforts, The analysis of current conditions
within the neighborhood catalogues unique factors
and benefits. This analysis informed decision -making
by allowing all community members to start with the
same background and baseline of information. This
section lays the foundation for recommendations
by identifying issues that need to be addressed or
assets that need to be protected and enhanced.
8 f IRESTONE INTRODUCTION
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Demographics
For the purposes of this brief, the 2019 American
Community Survey 5-Year Census data was used for the
80520 zip code, which has slightly smaller extents than
that of the neighborhood plan area.
• Total population: 1,636
• Housing units: 541
• Average household size: 3.17 (compared to overall
Firestone: 3.09)
• Median age: 40.2 (compared to overall Firestone: 35.3)
• Median household income: $70,726 (compared to
overall Firestone: $100,288)
• Homeownership, of the 541 housing units:
429 were owner occupied
87 units were renter occupied
• Vacancy: 516 dwelling units were occupied and 25
were vacant
Historic Resources
Although there are a number of residential and commercial
structures in excess of 50 years old, there are no structures
within the planning area that are officially on a historic
register. One structure, known as the Screwball Inn, was
built in 1908 and has some historic details that may be
worth preserving. Other structures built in the early 1900s
are not as significant in architecture, have been modified
over the decades and/or are not in a condition to retain.
Points of Interest
A variety of landmarks and amenities can be found in the
Historic Firestone Plan Area. Historic and civic landmarks
include the former Screwball Inn, the Post Office, Safeway,
former Town Hall on Grant Avenue, and the original Town Hall
on Buchanan Avenue. Additionally, the area includes many
amenities such as Miners Park, Hart Park, Onorato Park,
Gateway Park, and the nearby Saddleback Golf Course.
RESIDENTS
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10 • FIRESTONE INTRODUCTION
Existing Plans Review
FIRESTONE MASTER PLAN
The Firestone Master Plan sets the vision of the community
and designates intended future land uses and development.
In the Firestone Master Plan, the Historic Firestone
Neighborhood is acknowledged as the original Town location.
The existing land uses in the Plan Area are generally expected
to remain as they are. Development is expected in the areas
nearby though the majority is planned as low and medium
density residential.
PARKS, OPEN SPACE, AND TRAILS
MASTER PLAN
The Parks, Open Space, and Trails Master Plan provides
guidance on acquisition, operations and maintenance of
the Town's parks, open space and trail system. The Parks,
Open Space, and Trails Master Plan indicates that the
neighborhood has adequate parks and access to trails.
Additional trail links are planned to provide connectivity
between developed and undeveloped lands. Additional
pocket parks are expected with development of adjacent
undeveloped land. Specific recommendations include adding
wayfinding to the Firestone Trail and adding a loop walk to the
Firestone Villas open space.
TRANSPORTATION MASTER PLAN
The Transportation Master Plan is being prepared through a
separate but concurrent planning process. It is expected that
the Transportation Master Plan will consider the outcome
of the Neighborhood Plan when defining specific direction
for streets in the planning area. One area of discussion will
be the street cross section for Grant Avenue. Grant Avenue
is considered a collector and is shown in this Plan as a
"collector without median" from the Town's standard cross
sections. The street also will eventually be paved east of
Frontier Street. Whether or not the four lane street section
runs between Colorado Boulevard and Frontier Street will be
examined through the planning process. In addition parking
management and bicycle facilities will also be studied as well
as the potential development of specific street sections for
certain local streets such as First Street.
Master Plan Document
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 1 11
® NEIGHBORHOOD OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS
Future improvements and development within the Historic
Firestone Neighborhood will be shaped by a number of
potential challenges and key opportunities.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
The following key takeaways were compiled from the
major sections of the existing conditions document.
Land Use and Development
• Existing land use and zoning designations are mostly
in agreement within the Plan Area except for the use
(commercial) and zoning (industrial) at the Safeway
shopping center.
• The majority of the area is residential with a few
nodes of existing commercial, although there is are
fewer commercial uses than is allowed in the zoning.
• Major development opportunities exist among
undeveloped and underutilized properties.
• A variety of landmarks and amenities exist in
the neighborhood, although none are officially
considered historic.
Environment and Recreation
• The Plan Area is well -served with a variety of parks,
trails, and open spaces.
• Parks, trails, and open spaces are important
amenities to the Historic Neighborhood as well as
major contributors to the area's character.
• The Plan Area's potential environmental challenges
need to be considered when assessing community
needs and navigating future development.
Infrastructure and Connectivity
• The Historic Neighborhood Plan Area has a gridded
and relatively complete street network, most with
attached sidewalks.
• The Plan Area lacks bicycle and transit facilities,
which may become increasingly important modes of
travel as the area develops.
• Infrastructure, utilities, and services are well -
provided for in this area, although upgrades will be
necessary and accommodations needed for future
development.
OPPORTUNITIES AND FOCUS AREAS
The following is a list of initial needs, opportunities,
and topics of focus identified by the Town and the
community in the initial phases of the Neighborhood
Plan process. It is not an all-inclusive list but a starting
point for discussion with the community.
• Provide guidelines that will ensure commercial
properties are compatible with residential uses.
• Support reinvestment in residential properties
and improved living conditions while maintaining
neighborhood character.
• Reduce commercial vacancy; improve and provide
local shopping and services.
• Address parking for commercial properties.
• Invest in First Street to create a signature Historic
Firestone main street experience.
• Address utility capacity and needed infrastructure
improvements.
• Retain and expand the post office.
• Provide additional civic spaces, amenities, services
and activities including those for seniors.
• Guide development on vacant land in Historic
Firestone and the immediate vicinity, including the
former Town Hall property on Grant Avenue the
Overlook Property, and Saddleback Estates, including
guidance on land use and mobility.
• Create a distinct, attractive, safe streetscape.
• Exhibit neighborhood pride through a more defined
entry gateway.
• Improve connections between the residential areas
and commercial properties.
• Address the growing traffic along Grant Avenue and
Colorado Boulevard.
12 FIRESTONE INTRODUCTION
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PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
The Plan Framework sets up the community-
- driven vision for the Historic Firestone
Neighborhood, which in turn informs the major
Plan recommendations within the categories of
land use, mobility, environment and recreation,
infrastructure, and character and charm. The
Vision Framework creates the scaffolding
that supports the rest of the Plan so that
every recommendation is embedded in the
community's needs and desires.
SUBSECTIONS
2.0 Comm
unity Vision
2.1 Land Use and Built Form
2.2 Mobility and Streetscapes
2.3 Infrastructure and Utilities
2.4 Character and Charm
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15
COMMUNITY VISION
The Firestone community defined the values, goals, and
strategies for the Historic Firestone Neighborhood through
the community outreach process. These elements comprise
the "vision framework" which provides a foundation for the
recommendations found in this Chapter.
Revitalize and Reinvest.
Revitalize and re -energize
the Historic Firestone
area to promote
reinvestment.
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Clean, Safe an��l QIU�:11�61>aaintained.
Ensure a safe, well -kept, and
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residents and property owners.
Preserved Character.
Celebrate the
neighborhood's history
and community life while
increasing vibrancy
■ with new amenities and
destinationsI
Local and Regional Draw.
Attract new investment to
the area that contributes
to awell-connected and
desirable place for locals
and visitors.
16 ` FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
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Strategy Diagram
The following maps show the primary strategies recommended to help the neighborhood meet the community's vision
and goals. These strategies encompass the major moves of the Plan, described in more detail in the following Chapters.
$ - Vacant or underutilized properties
"G within the Plan area should be
••' -` developed or redeveloped to
provide new housing, commercial,
1�; ; :�:=O�&� ry it s or other neighborhood services.
The properties highlighted on the
^irmi4 ..; two yj r -' map represent those with the most
-- A I_ potential for future growth.
k Neighborhood Street Enhancements
._ and Trail Connectivity.
Ala
1.� - ` •_ .• �..................... Streets, pedestrian routes, and
utilities improved, including safety
enhancements, traffic calming, and
new amenities. The green lines on
W, the map represent trail connectivity,
- '-'- '=a=' 3 the magenta lines are enhanced
_ neighborhood streets, and light
-; purple lines are utility repairs, which
apply to the whole neighborhood
Gateways and Public Spaces.
Key vehicular and pedestrian
entries into the Plan area should
-'- 1.
- be marked with unique gateway
It
elements that match the historic
neighborhood character. The
blue lines and circles represent
appropriate locations. A new public
space should be considered for the
:xi::
1, corner of Grant Ave and First St.
Activity/Connectivity Focus Area
.
The core area of the neighborhood
' __,; __... ..,.-... ,... _.•., should have the most concentrated
improvements. Redevelopment
efforts, new public spaces, and
amenities should focus around the
intersection of Grant Ave and First
St, shown in orange on the map. The
thick orange line indicates First St is
a signature street and travel along it
i' i should be safe and comfortable.
18 •
FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
STRATEGIC ERAMEWQRK
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 2 19
® LAND USE AND BUILT FORM
These land use recommendations aim to maintain the unique,
small-town residential character of Historic Firestone while
creating or revitalizing activity in strategic locations that will
provide a vibrant environment and additional amenities for
both residents and visitors.
Land Use Diagram
The Land Use Diagram below creates a flexible framework for land use shifts as the Historic Neighborhood grows
and changes. The Diagram does not represent a change in entitlements or zoning but rather a goal to move
towards as development and redevelopment occurs. The majority of the uses on the Diagram match the current
residential, retail, and park/open space designations in the neighborhood. New uses are proposed for the large
vacant areas, specifically the Saddleback Estates and Overlook properties (see page 5211155 for more detail) and
an increase in vibrancy and density is proposed for the uses and properties along First Street, particularly north
of Granville Avenue. More detail about the specific land uses can be found on the following pages.
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20 FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
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New Residential
The primary intent for the residential areas is to maintain the
existing character while still providing new and more diverse
housing options to better accommodate all residents.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Ensure new residential development respects existing
residential form and scale, eclectic character, and size.
2. Use regulatory bonuses/tools or agreements with new
residential development to provide a mix of housing types at
multiple price points in order to accommodate the needs of
all Firestone residents:
» Single Family Residential should be alley loaded with the
same lot sizes as current dwellings in Historic Firestone
» Townhomes should be alley loaded, connected units, with
individual outdoor space and off-street parking.
» Cottage Homes should be smaller single family homes
clustered around shared common/green space with other
shared community amenities and parking.
» Multi -Family Dwellings should be apartments,
condominiums, or manor homes buffered from new
and existing single-family homes bymedium-density
townhomes or cottage homes.
Single Family Residential
Townhomes
Cottage Homes
Multi -family
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 21
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Existing residential neighborhood
Existing residential neighborhood
Existing residential neighborhood
Existing residential neighborhood
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Existing Residential Support
The existing residential neighborhood is the heart of the Historic
Firestone Plan Area. The preservation and support of the many,
varied homes in this core and the residents who live there, is
one of the central goals of the Plan. A variety of projects and
programs can help facilitate this goal and create a more vibrant
and well -maintained neighborhood.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Ensure the existing residential character is preserved. This
character has been memorialized in the Design Guidelines,
see page 60 for more detail.
» If redevelopment occurs within the existing neighborhood, it
should match the scale and character of the existing homes.
2. Offer an Improvement Location Certificate (ILC) assistance
program to residents interested in confirming their property
lines for improvements.
3. Work with local partners to establish a program that helps
to fund residential facade improvements, curb appeal
improvements, and home upkeep for seniors.
4. Reestablish the Historic Firestone Coalition awards program
to promote neighborhood pride. Consider awards such as best
lawn, best improvement, and most festive holiday decorations.
5. Create a program to provide education and resources for
ADU creation and streamline Town approval process.
6. Create a volunteer program to assist in revitalization efforts.
22 • FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
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Commercial
A major goal of the Plan is to reinvest and revitalize in Historic
Firestone, and particularly in the commercial uses. There is high
vacancy and several unmaintained buildings along First Street
that can develop or redevelop into a more vibrant small-town main
street experience. New retail at Grant and First Street will also
help enhance the neighborhood and create a local destination.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Encourage restaurants with outdoor seating opportunities
to activate the ground floor of streets and public spaces.
2. Consider regulatory tools such as fee reduction or
expedited permitting to prioritize local stores and mom
and pop shops to occupy designated retail spaces.
3. Provide additional retail uses for a growing community.
Consider a small corner of retail adjacent to new
residential development at the Gillespie/Overlook site.
Appropriate uses include dining, coffee shops, and "mom
and pop" or general stores.
Incorporate commercial uses around the proposed public
plaza with spaces for dining and community services.
4. Strengthen connections between existing commercial spaces
on First Street and the Safeway Shopping Area.
5. Retain a post office location within Historic Firestone. Capacity
issues should be addressed by expanding the current location
or relocating to a location with additional space.
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Restaurants and Outdoor Seating
Local Retail Stores
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Existing Live/Work
Active Plaza Spaces
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 23
Existing Firestone Park
More Facilities (Hart Park Extension)
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Trails and Wayfinding
Plaza Play and Lounge Spaces
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Parks /Open Space and Trails
Parks, open spaces, and trails are key community amenities and
part of what makes Firestone unique and desirable. These public
green spaces should be improved, expanded, and additional
spaces should be created as the neighborhood grows.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Provide more parks facilities, open space, and amenities as
the neighborhood grows.
» Create several new green spaces as part of new
development on the Saddleback Estates and Overlook sites.
» Create buffer green spaces along Grant Avenue and First
Street adjacent to new areas of development, particularly if
it is higher density than single family residential.
» Ensure new shared green spaces have high quality
amenities to serve nearby residents, including seating
areas, trash and recycling receptacles, dog waste stations,
and shade trees or structures.
2. Extend Hart Park eastward into the vacant land to establish
more park space with additional community amenities.
3. Provide trail connections to local destinations by
establishing on and off-street facilities that are wide
enough to accommodate pedestrian and bicycle traffic and
incorporating wayfinding signage.
4. Provide a public plaza on the former Town Hall site that
I
ncorporates play and passive recreation space.
24 FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
First Street
First Street, which suffers from a high vacancy rate and many
deteriorating structures, has the potential to be a unique and
attractive neighborhood main street with activity and services to
residents and attracts new visitors to invest in Historic Firestone.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Allow for residential parcels on First Street and Grant Avenue
to include live/work uses. Particularly incentivize these uses
on First Street between Buchanan and Grant Avenue to mirror
the uses on the east side of the street, create a more active
street, and establish a greater capacity for commercial uses.
Use regulatory tools such as zoning, overlays, and fee
reduction to help the transition tolive/work parcels.
2. Encourage economic development along First Street public
realm improvements, facade improvements, redevelopment
assistance, small business strategies, and programming.
3. Work with local partners to initiate a program that helps to
fund facade improvements, asbestos abatement, and roof and
structural assistance for the buildings along First Street.
4. For those buildings that are derelict or prohibitively expensive
to restore, initiate a program to help mitigate the cost of
demolition for buildings along First Street. Those buildings
that require demolition but have character -defining features
should take steps to preserve some of their character (see
page 60 of the Design Guidelines for more detail).
5. Provide rental assistance or low interest loan programs for
small, local businesses.
Proposed First Street Commercial
New Live/Work
Neighborhood Main Street
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 25
® MOBILITY AND STREETSCAPES
The streets of Historic Firestone are an essential part of the
neighborhood fabric; they should meet a high standard of safety,
accessibility, and connectivity. These recommendations aim to
improve the streetscapes for residents and visitors and create a
comfortable experience for pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles.
Multi -modal Recommendations
There are several different types of streets within the Historic Firestone Neighborhood that have a variety of needs and
users to accommodate, however all the streets should provide multi -modal access. Safe and accessible pedestrian
facilities are the highest priority throughout the neighborhood, which already adequately serves cars. Sidewalks should
be properly sized and well -maintained along every street so that residents can comfortably get from place to place or
go for a walk or a run in the neighborhood. Wider sidewalks along First Street and Grant will also accommodate visitors
enjoying Historic Firestone's commercial areas. A few key connector streets should deliver the majority of the cyclist
and vehicle traffic to and through the neighborhood, while ensuring safety for both modes.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Establish wide sidewalks of at least five feet in areas of
higher pedestrian activity.
2. Continue to evaluate sidewalk needs in the
neighborhood, prioritizing updates for areas with
missing or narrow sidewalks as funds become available.
3. Continue to evaluate the need for bike facilities and
provide sharrows on neighborhood roads that connect
across the neighborhood and to destinations like Hart
Park and the Firestone Trail.
4. Provide enhanced trail access points throughout the
neighborhood that connect residents to existing trails,
like the Firestone Trails. Enhancements should include:
Informational and wayfinding signage;
Entry/gateway signage or art;
Trash and recycling receptacles; and
Seating areas.
5. Look for opportunities to develop new trails in utility
corridors and along drainage ways.
6. Improve major street crossings with signage,
crosswalks, pavement material or painting, and curb
extensions/buIbouts with accessible ramps.
Neighborhood street sharrow.
26
Off-street pedestrian trail.
FIREST�HE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
General streetscape
Recommendations
In addition to ensuring streets provide safe and comfortable
mobility options for all users, enhancing streets through
placemaking, pedestrian amenities, and environmental
features will also provide major benefits to the Historic
Firestone neighborhood. Neighborhood streets, particularly
First Street and Grant Avenue should be considered a
continuation of the public realm and an opportunity to
enhance the neighborhood's character.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Consider lane width reductions for oversized
residential streets to slow traffic and improve
pedestrian safety, while still ensuring adequate space
for vehicle movement and residential parking needs.
2. Incorporate a variety of character elements into the
streetscape, prioritizing the streets with the most
vehicular and pedestrian traffic first. Appropriate
character elements to consider include:
» Decorative street lighting;
» Street light banners;
» Landscaping;
» Public art; and
» Decorative paving or painting.
3. Ensure streetscape character elements align with
established branding, see page 40 for more detail.
4. Incorporate shade trees into the streetscape to
provide pedestrian comfort and beautification.
Prioritize the streets with the most vehicular and
pedestrian traffic first. See page 71 in the Design
Guidelines for discouraged street tree species.
5. Incorporate a variety of pedestrian amenities along
the street including benches, trash receptacles,
seating areas, and lighting. Prioritize the streets with
the most vehicular and pedestrian traffic first.
6. As sidewalk and street improvements are made,
consider incorporating elements of green infrastructure
into the streetscape to benefit both the environment
and the look and feel of the street.
7. As sidewalk and street improvements are made,
consider incorporating curb extensions/bulbouts to
create safer pedestrian crossings and provide more
space for pedestrian amenities and landscaping.
Incorporate a variety of character elements into the
streetscape.
Street trees and green infrastructure elements.
Seating areas along the street.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 27
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Streetscape Concepts
The following streetscape concepts show proposed
improvements for the major pedestrian and vehicular corridors
in Historic Firestone. The map below serves as a key to which
streets are targeted for improvements and have lettered
segments that correspond to recommendations and street
sections on the following pages. These sections represent the
existing and proposed final condition for these major streets,
although most improvements will likely need to be phased over
time as need grows and funding becomes available.
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28
fIRESTON� PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
FIRST STREET
The primary objective of the First Street updates is to create a main street with ample pedestrian space adjacent to
the businesses and increased character and amenities.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Provide wider sidewalks and dedicated space on the east side of the street for additional amenity space near
commercial properties. Encourage this space to be used for outdoor seating, retail displays, and signage.
2. Slow vehicles along the street by reducing lane widths and creating subtle direction changes at key locations.
3. Consider removing parking spaces on the west side of the street at areas of emphasis to create additional
amenity space and facilitate the chicane of the roadway (see diagram below for more detail).
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Existing Street Section (looking north)
Preferred Concept A -Reduced lane and parking widths, extra
space (5') allocated to pedestrian amenity zone on the east side
of the street adjacent to businesses, increased beautification with
street trees, light poles, and banners.
Preferred Concept B -Reduced lane widths, removed parking
lane on west side, extra space (12.5') allocated to pedestrian
amenity zone on the east side of the street adjacent to businesses,
increased beautification with street trees, light poles, and banners.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 29
GRANT AVENUE - SEGMENT D GRANT AVENUE - SEGMEi`�'I N E
Updates to this section of Grant Avenue should not impact Minimal changes are suggested for this portion of
the existing roadway and traffic flow but focus on creating an Grant Avenue, which already accommodates the
attractive and recognizable entry to the neighborhood, flow of pedestrians and vehicles as needed.
RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Establish a gateway feature with historic elements at 1. Maintain the 11' wide shared -use path on the
the intersection with Colorado Boulevard, around the north side of the street for pedestrian and
Gateway Park area. See pages 44-47 of the Catalytic cyclist traffic.
Projects for more detail on proposed gateway design. 2. Add new street trees and beautification as
2. Add beautification, character elements, and pedestrian this is a primary street and will see increased
amenities as part of the gateway improvements. use as the vacant properties develop.
3. Ensure safe and comfortable pedestrian travel from 3. Minimize curb cuts associated with new
Colorado Boulevard to Grant Avenue. development.
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Grant Avenue Segment D, Existing Section
D Preferred -Added gateway and character elements,
street trees, and pedestrian amenities. South side
property should be considered for additional park space if
it becomes vacant in the future.
Grant Avenue Segment E, Existing Section
E Preferred -Added gateway and character
elements along the street. Maintained all other
aspects of this segment.
30 FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
GRANT AVENUE -SEGMENT F
Minimal changes are suggested for this portion of Grant
Avenue. The shared -use path through Hart Park should
be emphasized and continued into the vacant land.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Establish a new shared -use path on the south
side of the street, east of Hart Park, as this area
begins to develop.
2. Improve the street crossing at Fourth Street for
vehicular movement and trail and park access.
This is a crucial pedestrian crossing where the
shared -use path moves from the north side of
the street to the south side of the street.
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Grant Avenue Segment F, Existing Section
F Preferred -Added gateway and character elements
and pedestrian amenities along the street and shared -
use path. Maintained all other aspects of this segment.
GRANT AVENUE -SEGMENT G
As this vacant area of the neighborhood develops,
adequate pedestrian amenities should be provided on
both sides of the street.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Establish a new shared -use path on the south side
of the street, east of Hart Park, as this area begins
to develop.
2. Establish a separated sidewalk on the north side of
the street, beyond the existing residential.
3. Provide a landscape buffer north of the sidewalk
on the north and south side of the street.
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G Preferred -Paved two-lane road with bike lanes, 8' and
10' detached shared -use paths, and character elements
(based on collector without median cross section).
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 31
BUCHANAN AVENUE
Buchanan Avenue should retain its function and character as a neighborhood street that accommodates local traffic
and residential parking needs, however it should be improved over time to provide a better pedestrian and cyclist
experience to accommodate increased multi -modal usage as it connects the neighborhood to First Street, the
Firestone Trail, 4th Street (and Hart Park), and new development to the east.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. In the short term, I'll"orate sharrows and parking markings along to the street to promote local bicycle
activity through the neighborhood.
2. In the long term, consider establishing a wider sidewalk on the north side of the street through the reduction
of the travel lane widths. Parking lane widths should be maintained.
3. As the vacant land on the east side of the neighborhood develops, connect Buchanan Avenue through to
Frontier Street to establish a full pedestrian connection across the neighborhood.
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Existing Street Section (looking west)
Preferred -Added sharrows and striping, reduced travel lane
widths, increased sidewalk widths on the north side, added
beautification and character elements.
Neighborhood placemaking elements.
sharrows and parking striping.
32
FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
4TH STREET
While a less substantial connector for the neighborhood and a street that already
accommodates its pedestrian and vehicle traffic, improvements to 4th Street should still
be considered, particularly at intersections, as it will see substantial use as the main thru
street to Hart Park and represents a key pedestrian connection as well.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Create a safe, clear, and convenient crossing at the intersection of Grant Avenue
and 4th Street, where the multi -use trail crosses from the north side of Grant
Street to Hart Park and the south side of Grant Street. As a major pedestrian
crossing and entry to Hart Park, this is a crucial location for improvements.
Appropriate strategies include:
» A painted crosswalk at intersections;
» Accent paving through the crossings and/or at the street corners;
» Bulbouts to shorten crossing distances;
» Enhanced landscaping and character elements; and
» Signage to slow vehicular traffic.
2. The above intersection improvements should also be considered for the
potential intersection east of Hart Park, should the following occur: Hart Park
is expanded east; internal circulation is added to the vacant land on the east
side of the park; and pedestrian facilities are added on the north side of Grant
Avenue east of Hart Park.
3. Consider landscaping improvements and character elements along 4th Street
to emphasize its importance to the neighborhood and improve the pedestrian
and vehicular experience.
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Bulbout and landscaping at pedestrian crossing.
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HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 33
® INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
One of the first sentiments expressed by the Historic
Firestone community was the desire to improve the existing
fabric of the neighborhood. "Putting a roof on it" or improving
the utilities and infrastructure, should be one of the primary
priorities of Plan implementation.
Existing Infrastructure and Utilities
The first step in improving the neighborhood's infrastructure and utilities, which for the purposes of this document
include roadways, alleys, sidewalks, water and sewer lines, power lines, and drainage and green infrastructure, is to
upgrade the existing infrastructure and utility quality and capacity to meet the needs of the neighborhood. As with
many older neighborhoods, the existing facilities are aging and in need of some upgrade in the near future. This
preferred order of operations indicates to the existing residents that their requests were heard during this Plan process
but it should not preclude new development, which can help provide more funding for other improvements in the future.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Assess the Town's water and sewer system and upgrade as
needed. The 4" water lines will likely need to be upgraded
to accommodate increased capacity. Upgrades to
underground utilities should be made simultaneously with
streetscape improvement, if feasible, to avoid demolition and
reconstruction of the pavement more than once.
2. Study overhead powerlines to determine the cost and benefit of
undergrounding some or all of them. Underground improvements
should be consolidated for best efficiency. Explore the United
Power undergrounding fund as a potential funding source.
3. Use Capital Improvement Project Funds or explore a local
program for paving dirt alleys in the Historic Neighborhood for
improved use and accessibility.
4. Do an inventory of sidewalk ramps to determine where
repairs or new ramps are needed to bring the neighborhood
up to Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards.
5. Assess and address drainage issues, particularly in the First
Street and Wooster area. Streets that are suffering from
drainage issues should receive new grey or green infrastructure
improvements such as:
» Gutters;
» Storm drains;
» Increased storm sewer capacity;
» Swales;
» Rain gardens; and
» Permeable paving.
Green infrastructure example
Green infrastructure example
34 FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
New Infrastructure
and Utilities
After initial infrastructure and utility needs have
been addressed within the existing neighborhood,
improvements should focus on expanding
infrastructure and utility capacity into the areas slated
for new development, particularly the former Town Hall
site, Saddleback Estates, and the Overlook Property.
These infrastructure and utility expansions will be a
key first step in implementing the Catalytic Projects
described in Chapter 3.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Extend utilities, including water, sewer, and
power into the former Town Hall site. Ensure
utility capacity is supportive of events and
festivals held in the proposed plaza, including
easily accessible power and water lines for
vendors and use of the stage.
2. Develop roadways, alleys, parking, and sidewalks
in the former Town Hall site to support internal
circulation. See page 48-51 for more detail.
3. Extend utilities, including water, sewer, and
power into the Saddleback Estates site to
support residential and commercial uses.
Consider working with a developer to ensure
utility needs match the development Plan and
explore impact fees as a funding strategy.
4. Develop roadways, alleys, parking, and sidewalks
in the Saddleback Estates site to support internal
circulation. See page 52-53 for more detail.
5. Extend utilities, including water, sewer, and
power into the Overlook Property to support
residential uses and new open spaces amenities.
Consider working with a developer to ensure
utility needs match the development Plan and
explore impact fees as a funding strategy.
6. Develop roadways, alleys, parking, and sidewalks
in the Overlook Property to support internal
circulation. See page 54-55 for more detail.
7. Incorporate green infrastructure such as
swales, rain gardens, stormwater detention,
and permeable paving, into the design of all
new development sites to offset the stormwater
impacts of new pavement and buildings.
Natural drainage way
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Unpaved alley entry
- _.
Historic Weld County flooding
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 35
QD CHARACTER AND CHARM
The historic character and small town charm is one of the top
live in or visit Historic Firestone. Any growth
reasons people l
or change must respect and enhance this character to ensure
the community maintains what makes it special.
Branding Strategy
Creating a cohesive and highly desirable place for both residents and visitors
requires a recognizable identity. The Historic Firestone Neighborhood should work
to develop a strategy for creating a more unified brand for the neighborhood that
is incorporated into public spaces, streetscapes, signage and wayfinding, and
amenities so that people know that they are in a neighborhood of significance. The
introduction of branding to the public realm can also contribute to a more festive
and community -oriented environment,
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Update the neighborhood logo and create a color and material palette that
is relevant to the local character. The street clock (at right) is a recognizable
aspect of Historic Firestone that should be celebrated and incorporated.
2. Consider a dedicated page on the Firestone website with information about
businesses, events, and destinations within the neighborhood.
This page could include statement of intent and a tagline for the district
based on the community values.
3. Consider incorporating trash cans, sidewalk painting, and street light
banners with the logo and branding incorporated, particularly along First
Street, Grant Avenue, in existing and new park and open spaces, and in the
proposed plaza.
4. Provide holiday lighting in public spaces and/or along First Street to create
a festive atmosphere.
5. Organize and promote neighborhood events to bring the community
together or draw new people, create recognition, and bring revenue to
local businesses.
6. Implement recognizable and highly visible gateways into the neighborhood
that are in alignment with and complementary to the established district
branding. See pages 44-47 in Catalytic Projects for more detail.
7. As part of upcoming Town -wide signage and wayfinding efforts, develop
a cohesive system of signage and wayfinding using the Historic Firestone
branding to direct residents and visitors to key destinations:
Historic First Street; » Miners Park; and
Hart Park; » The proposed plaza at the
Onorato Park former Town Hall site.
36 FIRESTONE PLAN FRAMEWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
Historic Firestone character
Festive neighborhood
character elements example
Historic Preservation
While no buildings in Historic Firestone have an
official historic designation, there are examples of
historic features and character that are worthy of
preservation. The older residential homes, the former
Screwball Inn, and the store fronts on First Street
help indicate the age and history of the neighborhood
and give it a unique and authentic character that
should be preserved.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Document character -defining features
within the neighborhood to be duplicated
or preserved, see page 60 of the Design
Guidelines for more information on character-
definingfeatures.
2. Encourage preservation and adaptive reuse for
buildings with character -defining features to
the extent feasible.
3. Encourage the reuse of original materials,
including brick, windows, doors, facades and
signs on historic buildings.
4. Ensure new buildings are reflective of Historic
Firestone character and incorporate the use
of authentic and appropriate material features
and details as outline in Chapter 4 Design
Guidelines, pages 60-61.
Historic Former Screwball Inn
Historic Firestone entry
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 2 37
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3 ) CATALYTIC PROJECTS
Investments in the Historic Firestone
Neighborhood and development on the nearby
vacant and underutilized land will help spur
First Street redevelopment, solidify the area's
,...� unique character, and create a more vibrant
neighborhood. These Catalytic Projects
are envisioned and described as full build -
out projects, but this level of completion is
intended to be a long-term, visionary effort and
each project can be implemented incrementally.
SUBSECTIONS
3.0 Gateways
3.1 Plaza Concept
3.2 Saddleback Estates
3.3 Overlook Property
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39
QD GATEWAYS
Gateways are an essential part of establishing a recognizable
Historic Firestone character that will help display the pride
of the residents in their neighborhood and history and also
provide important wayfinding and sense of place.
Historic and Artistic Inspiration
A gateway entry into the Historic Firestone neighborhood should be specific to the neighborhood's character
and history to establish it as a unique place. The Town of Firestone was originally established as a home for
local coal miners and their families. A railroad ran through Town to transport the coal mined here. The tracks,
decommissioned with the mine in 1947, is now the 12-mile-long Firestone Trail. The Town is also rooted in an area
with rich agricultural history and western heritage. It is also the proud home of the American Legion Post 1985 and
has been a strong supporter of its Veteran's population. All of these unique aspects of Firestone were examined
when looking for design inspiration for the Town gateways. The public reviewed these themes and expressed a
preference for an emphasis on the mining and railroad history. The historical photos and artistic interpretations
shown below were an important starting point in the conceptual design of the gateway elements.
• Mining and Railroad History
• Veteran Population
HISTORICAL PHOTOS
• Agriculture
• Western Heritage
ARTISTIC INTERPRETATIONS
40
f
IRE�TONE CATALYTIC PROJECTS
DESIGN ELEMENTS
Based on the preferred historic inspiration a number
of design elements and materials are recommended
for use in design of the Historic Firestone gateways.
In order to ensure the gateway is visible, vertical
elements should be incorporated. These vertical
elements will also give an increased sense of entry.
For the primary gateway, lettering should also be
used to communicate that people are entering the
Historic Firestone neighborhood. Elements that recall
Firestone's history include mine cars, railroad rails,
and ties. Elements of beautification should also be
part of the gateway, including landscaping, lighting,
and street trees. Primary materials to consider
include:
• Steel and weathered steel (e.g. Corten)
• Wood
• Masonry
• Acrylic or aluminum (for lettering only)
Gateway Hierarchy
and Location
Three levels of Gateway are proposed for the
Historic Firestone area. These levels should have
cohesive designs with different scales, tailored to
the user. They also have different levels of priority
for implementation. Visual examples of the three
gateways can be found on the following spread.
The three tiers and corresponding recommended
locations and prioritization are:
• Primary Vehicular Gateway - On Grant Avenue
between Colorado Boulevard and First Street.
This should be the largest gateway and it
should be the first priority for implementation.
• Secondary Vehicular Gateway -McClure
Avenue and Colorado Boulevard. This should be
a smaller version of the primary gateway. This
should be the third priority for implementation.
• Pedestrian Gateway -First Street and Venice
Avenue (at the entrance to the Firestone Trail).
This should be the smallest gateway, designed
for pedestrians and cyclists. This should be the
second priority for implementation.
Vertical elements and lettering in gateway sign
Steel and masonry materials and landscaping in gateway
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 3 41
PRIMARY VEHICULAR GATEWAY DESIGN
The primary vehicular gateway, shown in the concept
design above, should be the largest and most
designed of the gateways. The location at Colorado
Boulevard and Grant Avenue is where most people
enter the Historic Firestone neighborhood. It should
therefore be the top priority location for indicating
to users that they have entered the neighborhood
and for establishing the character. Concept design
features for this gateway include.
• Masonry and mine cart base
• Vertical twisting railroad tracks and ties
• "Historic Firestone" lettering (large enough
to be read by passing vehicles)
• Uplighting/accent lighting
• Well -designed and maintained landscaping
• Street lights with banners
While not all of these features are necessary
to create a successful gateway, the essential
characteristics include the historic features, vertical
and highly visible elements, and the lettering. These
improvements can also be phased over time.
Primary vehicular gateway
SECONDARY VEHICULAR GATEWAY DESIGN
The secondary vehicular gateway, shown at the top
left of the following page, should be similar in style
and appearance to the primary vehicular gateway
but smaller in size and scope. The major thematic
elements should remain the same to create a
cohesive character but smaller in stature to create
hierarchy as McClure Avenue is a less used entrance
to the neighborhood. Concept design features for
this gateway include:
• Masonry and mine cart base
• Vertical twisting railroad tracks Cl" ties
• 'Historic Firestone" lettering (optional)
• Uplighting/accent lighting
• Small area of well -designed and maintained
landscaping
• Street lights with banners (optional)
As with the primary gateway, these improvements
can be phased over time. More information about
phasing can be found on the following page.
42 • FIRLO WRL CATALYTIC PROJECTS
Secondary vehicular gateway
PEDESTRIAN GATEWAY DESIGN
The pedestrian gateway should be the smallest and
most intimate of the gateways, oriented along a
multi -use path instead of a street. This gateway is
recommended at major entries or intersections of the
Firestone Trail. The first recommended location is First
Street and Venice Avenue, but additional gateways
may be added over time. The major thematic elements
should remain the same as the vehicular gateways but
at a very reduced scale, appropriate for pedestrians.
Concept design features for this gateway include:
• Masonry and mine cart base
• Vertical twisting railroad tracks and ties
• Uplighting/accent lighting
• Small area of landscaping (optional)
• Pedestrian lights with banners
• String lights (with clearance sufficient for
pedestrians and cyclists)
• Co -located with pedestrian amenities (benches,
wayfinding, trash receptacles, etc.)
RECOMMENDED PHASING
The gateways do not have to be implemented all at the
same time. First, the phasing should be conducted in
the order of gateway priority, starting with the primary
vehicular gateway, then the pedestrian gateway, then the
secondary vehicular gateway, and finally any additional
pedestrian gateways deemed appropriate. Additionally,
each gateway can be completed in multiple phases:
1. Gateway art: minecart, railroad ties, and lettering
2. Beautification: landscaping, trees, etc.
3. Amenities: lighting, benches, wayfinding, etc.
Pedestrian -scaled gateway
Historic minecart reuse
The following is high-level cost estimate
for the creation of the primary vehicular
gateway, including landscaping, lighting, and
signage. Due to the constraints of estimating
such a custom design, the cost estimate is
generalized for a similar but more standardized
design. More information about potential
funding mechanisms for the gateways can be
found in the Implementation Section.
» Total cost estimate: $50,000
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN ( CHAPTER 3 43
CD PLAZA CONCEPT
A plaza at the corner of First Street and Grant Avenue, at the
former Town Hall site, will help anchor the commercial core of
Historic Firestone, create a neighborhood gathering place, and
provide amenities for residents and visitors.
Concept Design
A preliminary concept design for the proposed plaza can be found
on the following page. The plaza has been recommended as a way
of reusing the space occupied by the former Town Hall area as a
rich and vibrant community amenity. Design concepts for the plaza
were discussed in the community design charrette, which gave
direction for the size, programming, amenities, and uses found
in the plaza. The design is intended to provide a variety of open
spaces for gathering and events, intermixed with paths, play areas,
seating areas, and historical elements. In this concept design,
multiple buildings are proposed around the outside of the plaza in
addition to angled parking.
APPROPRIATE LAND USES AND AMENITIES
A variety of land uses and amenities were suggested by the
community for the plaza space. The top uses, and those most
supportive of the location and neighborhood are listed below:
• Commercial
» Dining and Cafes
» Brew House
» Food Hall
• Community Spaces
» Post Office
Help Center
Commercial Kitchen
» Meeting Rooms
» Creative/Maker Spaces
• Play Area and Splash Pad
• Event Lawn and Stage
• Food Trucks
• Historic Water Tower or Relic
Historic elements in community amenities
Community stage /event space
The following is a general estimate of the
costs associated with construction of
the plaza concept design in this section.
These prices are variable based on the
finaI scale and timing of the project. More
detailed cost information, potential funding
mechanisms, and assumptions can be
found in the Implementation section.
» Architecture - $11,320,000
» Roadway - $1,150,000
» Plaza - $5,885,000
» Play Area & Splash Pad - $1,150,000
Estimated Total (including soft costs and
contingency): $27,307,000
44
FIRESTONE CATALYTIC PROJECTS
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PROGRAMMING
In order to make the plaza a successful and active
community space, a variety of programming is
recommended. Programs to consider include:
• Community Events
Food and Flicks
Fireworks Viewing
Festivals
Rental Space for Birthdays, Anniversary
Parties, Church Groups etc.
Farmers Market
• Theater and Concerts
• Community Gardens
• Exercise Classes
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Plaza concept design
THEMES
Themes specific to the neighborhood and the desires
of the Historic Firestone community will ensure that the
plaza doesn't feel like just anywhere and instead helps
connect people to the heritage of the area. Themes to
incorporate into the design and programming include:
• History (Railroad, mining, etc)
• Community Gathering
• Outdoor Recreation
• Small Western Town
More information about how design elements should
incorporate themes can be found on page 72 of the
Design Guidelines.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 3 45
Parking Strategy
ON -STREET PARKING CAPACITY
Parking capacity refers to the number of spaces potentially available in the commercial areas of the neighborhood.
These include parking spaces located in public rights -of -way adjacent to commercial areas, by using 234eet as
an average parallel parking space length. The table below identifies existing and proposed parking locations and
calculates the capacity for the number of possible spaces within Historic Firestone.
STREET SEGMENTS
EXISTING
CAPACITY
(spaces)'
PROPOSED
CAPACITY
(spaces)"
Commercial Streets
McClure Ave. to Buchanan Ave.
75
58
First Street (Buchanan to Grant)
74
64
rirst Street (Grant to Golf Course)
128
91
Grant Ave. (Colorado to Third)
113
113
New Plaza (Second Street Extension)
-
110
Subtotal
390
436
Adjacent Residential Blacks
North to South Blocks along Grant***
36
36
East to West Blocks along First""
224
224
Subtotal
260
260
GRAND TOTAL
650
696
* Existing parking capacity was determined by multiplying the
total length of primary commercial streets by two and dividing
that number by the average parallel parking space length of 23
feet. Counts and average deductions were made for driveways
(20-25 feet), alleyways (20 feet), and intersections (70 feet), to
account for all un-parkable areas.
** Proposed parking capacity was determined by multiplying
the existing capacity of parking spaces by the percentage
street length with proposed changes.
*** Parking capacity was established for Second and Third
Streets. The number of parking spaces were averaged between
the two streets and resulted in 18 spaces per block.
**** Parking capacity was established for Wooster, Jackson,
Monmouth, Buchanan, Granville, Berwick, and Florence
Avenues. The number of parking spaces were averaged
between the seven streets and resulted in 32 spaces per block.
PARKING NEED
Parking demand is defined as the expected demand to park cars related to existing and/or potential land uses. The
current parking supply adequately accommodates existing demand for the neighborhood. Yet, with anticipated
development and redevelopment, insufficient parking may become an issue.
In mixed -use districts, such as the proposed plaza space and associated uses, on -street parking is counted towards
meeting off-street parking requirements. Given this, and with parking ratios being applied at the Directors discretion
given the unique nature of this development, an estimate was made based on an existing restaurant and office parking
standards to determine anticipated demand, see the table below. The result shows a surplus of about 68 on -street
parking spaces for proposed new uses if surrounding commercial street are counted towards meeting off-street parking
requirements. Given the surplus of parking, the four new proposed buildings would not need to provide off-street parking.
STREET SEGMENTS
EXISTING
CAPACITY
PROPOSED
CAPACITY
PARKING
DEMAND
PARKING
SURPLUS/
*Streets near the proposed plaza that
may contribute io off-street parking.
**Streets nearby that can support weekly
activity in the multi -use plaza but will
likely not contribute to off-street parking
requirements. Not included in analysis.
***Parking demand was determined
for four proposed commercial and
community buildings in the mixed -use
plaza. For this analysis, two of the
buildings are two -stories and two are one-
story, with an average building footprint
of 6OX120 feet. The use 'Restaurant,
with outdoor seating area' was used as a
guide to calculate parking requirements
for one-third of the building uses (1 space
per 3 seats plus 1 space per employee)
and 'Office, Business or Professional'
was
buil
used as a guide for two-thirds of the
ding uses (1 per 300 sf).
46
f IRESTONE CATALYTIC PROJECTS
LARGE EVENT PARKING
The 4th (of July) at Firestone is the neighborhood's most significant draw of the year. In 2021, about 700 vehicles were
recorded in the'Saddleback Lot' located behind the former Town Hall site. Based on those numbers and the 1.5 hours of
traffic following the event, the Town estimated 1,000-1,400 vehicles traveled within or to Firestone for the event.
During a large event in the Historic Firestone Neighborhood, it's necessary to consider where the visitors and residents
will park near the event plaza. This plan proposes that Grant Avenue transforms during a large event by turning
its parking spaces into additional lanes to help traffic flow in and out of the neighborhood. Furthermore, there are
opportunities for parking within the neighborhood.
• Neighborhood streets (minus the Safeway development) hold approximately 2,090 on -street parking spaces.
• The vacant lot to the east of Miner's Park could potentially accommodate about 55 spaces.
• If there is a need for additional parking, shared parking may be explored, as Safeway has approximately 445
parking spaces.
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of
3D view of concept plaza design, looking northeast
Flexible event lawn
Western /historic detailing
Play space within plaza area
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 3 47
QD SADDLEBACK ESTATES
The vacant land north of Grant Avenue and east of First
Street, the Saddleback Estates property, is a prime
opportunity to incorporate more diverse housing, public
spaces, and amenities into the Historic neighborhood.
Land Use and Built Form
The Saddleback Estates site surrounding the former Town Hall is an
excellent development opportunity on the north side of the Historic
Firestone neighborhood. This area is recommended to support more
housing density and active uses than the rest of the neighborhood as
it is naturally buffered from the single-family homes by Grant Avenue,
the proposed plaza, miners park, and the drainage ditch. Additional
buffering is suggested with green spaces at the edges of the
proposed development. Growth in this area is encourage to provide a
variety of housing types and multiple price points to accommodate a
more diverse cross section of the Firestone community. The highest
density areas should be located along First Street, adjacent to the
Safeway commercial center, and in the middle of the site, with the
density tapering off in all other areas.
Buildings should be designed in an architectural style that compliments
the character of the neighborhood. For more information on building
form recommendations see page 63 of the Design Guidelines.
APPROPRIATE LAND USES AND AMENITIES
A variety of land uses and amenities were suggested by the
community for the Saddleback site. The top uses, and those most
supportive of the location and neighborhood are listed below:
• Commercial (same as for
plaza, above)
» Dining and cafes
» Brew House
» Food Hall
• Residential
» Small to medium lot
single family
» Townhomes
» Multi -family buildings
» Affordable senior
housing
• Parks and open space
» Firestone Plaza
» Green space buffers
» Drainage areas
» Neighborhood parks
Single family homes
Multi -family buildings
Several strategies should be employed to
ensure that the development that occurs
in the Saddleback Estates and Overlook
Property areas (on the following pages) is
ine with the community's vision:
» Update the area's zoning to match the
uses on the map to the right.
Create a procedure that includes
adherence to the Design Guidelines
as a condition of new development.
» Provide fee reduction and expedited
permitting for developers that will
meet the desired vision and provide
community amenities.
�o
FIRESTONE CATALYTIC PROJECTS
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Environment and Recreation
Environmental considerations will bean important
aspect of the development process for the Saddleback
property. This part of Firestone has seen impacts
from mining and drainage issues, which will need to
be mitigated. Environmental assessments will be a
necessary first step of any development and should
consider wetlands, wildlife, endangered species, and
undermining. Site design should include substantial
green infrastructure such as drainage areas and rain
gardens to help offset the loss of permeable surfaces.
New green space and parks should be integrated into
the development plan for the site. In order to avoid
overuse of existing Historic Firestone parks, sufficient
green space (at least the amount required by the Town's
code) should be provided for new residents throughout
the development area. In addition, the two -track road
along the north edge of the property currently serves
as an informal greenway. New development should
formalize this connection and make it a pleasant walking
experience along the edge of the golf course.
Circulation
\EICIIUOIIIIO011 PL:IN
Legend
City Limits
C� Parcels
Trails
Park/Open Space/
Golf Course (Existing)
I � Park/ Open Space (New)
(— _; __:-� Water Body
large Lot Single Family
Medium Density Housing
' (Townhomes)
Medium Density Housing
(Multi -Family)
Commercial
� 250 500
� iEeet
-� �
Internal circulation that supports the proposed density
and activity of the site will bean important factor in
creating a successful development on the Saddleback
site. As shown in the diagram above, a new north/south
connection, two new east/west connections, and a
diagonal alley connection along the northern edge of
the property are proposed to accommodate new traffic.
These streets should all accommodate a comfortable
pedestrian experience. The single -loaded street on the
outer edge, adjacent to the golf course, should also
provide amulti-use path for pedestrians and cyclists.
Parking for the area should be provided through
a combination of on -street parking, which is
recommended to be angled parking around the plaza
(see page 50 for the plaza parking strategy) and parallel
parking elsewhere in the development, and lots for the
multifamily and townhome buildings. These parking lots
should be behind the building and screened from the
street to enhance the pedestrian experience.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 3 49
QD OVERLOOK PROPERTY
The large, vacant Overlook Property presents a unique
opportunity to expand the Historic Firestone area to the east,
providing a variety of much needed housing for the community
and creating new connections and amenities in the process.
Land Use and BLAL FOrm
The Overlook Property, on the far east edge of the
neighborhood, adjacent to Frontier Street, can provide
significant housing opportunities. A variety of housing
types, from small -lot single family homes, to cottage
clusters and townhomes, will not only improve the
affordability of the neighborhood, it will also provide more
options for those who may not be well -suited to single
family housing like seniors or young people. The scale and
design of this new housing can and should still fit into the
small-town character of the Historic neighborhood. The
highest density units along Grant Avenue and Frontier
Street are located farthest away from existing residential.
New development near existing homes should be low
density homes or cottage clusters that compliment
the scale of existing homes. Commercial lots are
recommended at the corner of Grant Avenue and Frontier
Street to provide small-scale neighborhood services.
Buildings should be designed in an architectural style
that compliments the character of the neighborhood. For
more information on building form recommendations see
page 63 of the Design Guidelines,
Existing
Cottage cluster homes
APPROPRIATE LAND USES AND AMENITIES
A variety of land uses and amenities were suggested
by the community for the Overlook property. The top
uses and those most supportive of the location and
neighborhood are listed below:
• Commercial (only on
corner lots)
» Cafe or
neighborhood
shop
• Residential
» Small to
medium
lot single-family
» Cottage Homes
» Paired homes/
townhomes
» Affordable senior
housing
• Shared community
spaces
• Parks and open space
» Hart Park
(expansion)
» Green space
buffers
» Open space trails
and corridors
» Drainage
areas
» Pocket
parks
50
FIRESTONE CATALYTIC PROJECTS
Proposed First Street Commercial
GRANT AVE 18
'.. -
--�
' JACKSON AVE
I '•N N N
J I F. �
o Iw 1-
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� O O
BUCHANAN AVE
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fA r' — — — 1
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� � � ' I I
GRANVILLE AVE 15
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i - BERWICK AVE 1_ _ _ _ �
Environment and Recreation
Environmental considerations will also be an important
aspect of the development process for the Overlook
property. This part of Firestone has seen impacts from
mining and oil and gas extraction, which will likely need
to be mitigated. Environmental assessments relating to
the drilling in the area as well as wetlands, stormwater
runoff and filtration, wildlife, and endangered species,
will be a necessary first step of any development. Site
design should include green infrastructure to help offset
the loss of permeable surfaces.
New open space and parks should be integrated into
the development plan for the site. In order to avoid
a decrease in Level of Service of existing Historic
Firestone parks, sufficient open space and parks
should be provided for new residents throughout the
development area. Cottage clusters should be oriented
around a shared open space, additional pocket parks,
and an expansion to Hart Park should be provided for
the other housing types as well.
Circulation
*- \EICIIBUIUIUOU PLAN
Legend
City Limits
0 Parcels
Trails
ParWOpen Space/
Golf Course (Existing)
j ] Park/ Open Space (New)
�`� Water Body
Large Lot Single Family
Cottage Home
Residential
Small Lot Single Family
Commercial
n,, r,
Given the amount of new housing recommended for
the Overlook property, an extension of the gridded
circulation should be used to support the new traffic for
the area. As shown in the diagram above, Buchanan and
Jackson Avenue are proposed to extend through the site
to Frontier Street and Farmdale Street should extend
to Grant Avenue. In total, three new north/south streets
are proposed and four new east/west streets. These
streets should all accommodate a comfortable pedestrian
experience. Buchanan Avenue and Farmdale Street should
include bike facilities that connect to the existing network.
Consistent with Historic Firestone, alleys are
recommended for all of the new blocks to provide
adequate parking and create a more pedestrian -oriented
streetscape with minimal curb cuts. On -street parallel
parking should be provided on major streets for visitors
and overflow parking, but the majority of the parking
spaces for the housing units should bealley-loaded
garages or tuck -under parking for the townhomes.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 3 51
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4, ) DESIGN GUIDELINES
The goals and design guidelines found in
this chapter aim to provide a flexible set of
recommendations for existing and future ` A%L
development in the Historic Firestone ':_I. .#
neighborhood. They outline design and
maintenance best practices within the specific
context of the Plan area. The overall intent of
the guidelines is to create a more walkable,
safe, well-amenitized, vibrant, and functional
neighborhood that is complementary to the
historic character and scale.
SUBSECTIONS
4.0 Private Realm -Existing Neighborhoods
4.1 Private Realm -New Development
4.2 Public Realm - Streetscapes
4.3 Public Realm -Plaza and Public Spaces
4) DESIGN GUIDELINES INTRODUCTION
The existing neighborhood and new development, the public
realm and the private realm - by following these guidelines can
contribute to a more cohesive and quality neighborhood.
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
This chapter should be used in conjunction with the
Neighborhood Plan and fits within the broader Town of Firestone
regulatory framework. The design guidelines in this chapter
are intended to supplement the regulations in the Firestone
Development Code, Building Codes, and Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards. These existing regulations
should still be the baseline for all development within the Historic
Firestone Neighborhood.
FORMAT AND APPLICABILITY
The design guidelines are organized into sections that address
specific design topics. Each design topic is addressed at the three
levels described below.
• Intent Statements describe the over-all objective of the section
topic. They are written to provide high-level vision and guidance.
• Goals establish the objectives for each sub topic and may also be
used to determine the appropriateness of alternative or innovative
approaches that do not meet specific standards.
• Design Guidelines provide suggestions and criteria for achieving
the intent statements. They use the term "should" or "consider"
and are numbered by sub -section for reference.
The intent statements, goals, and design guidelines provide
structure for the design review process while encouraging flexibility
for creative design. See "Sample Design Standards and Guidelines
Format" on the following page for more detail regarding the format
and use of intent statements, goals, and guidelines.
In some cases, an innovative or creative design approach that may
deviate from specific design guidelines may be approved if it is
consistent with the goals and intent statements. It is the applicant's
responsibility to show that an alternative solution is consistent with,
and effectively implements the intent statements and goals.
The guidelines within this Chapter are
organized into the following topics,
• Private Realm -all areas on private
property including homes and
businesses.
» Existing Neighborhoods
» New Development
•Public Realm -public areas such as
the streets, plazas, and parks.
» Streetscapes
» Plazas and Public Spaces
54
FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
To increase clarity and ease -of -use, Design Guidelines pages that include recommendations use a
standard format. The example below indicates each key element of the standard format.
# • � • ' •
� .. • •
.. • • � �
.. .-
•• ��
SIDEBARS
. . ..-
The Design Topic Title Bar is
indicated with a heading at the
top of each page.
Topic Sections and Guidelines
are numbered for clarity and
ease of reference.
Sidebar Pages are pages that do not have
numbered guidelines. These pages offer
additional explanation, imagery, and
background information on design topics.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 4 55
(D PRIVATE REALM - EXISTING NEIGHBORHOODS
Intent: To prioritize neighborhood maintenance needs that improve
overall aesthetics while maintaining existing character and scale.
Redevelopment or infill projects should provide visual
interest and architectural details.
1.1 BUILDING DESIGN GOALS
C -
Redevelopment or infill projects should replicate the existing
character -defining features.
• To maintain the existing character and architectural style of the Historic Firestone neighborhood's
predominantly single-family housing.
• To ensure buildings within the single-family neighborhood maintain a complementary mass and scale to the
existing structures.
• To encourage design best practices in any existing neighborhood building reuse, redevelopment, infill, or addition.
1.1 GUIDELINES
1. Redevelopment or infill projects within the single-
familyneighborhood should not exceed two stories.
2. Redevelopment or infill projects should maintain a
front setback from the street that is consistent with
the surrounding structures.
3. Redevelopment or infill projects should be alley -
loaded and avoid garages at the front of the house.
4. An addition or alteration should be designed to
respect the existing structure and maintain its
character -defining features and structural integrity.
» A contemporary design for an alteration or addition
to an existing structure should not be discouraged
as long as it does not impact character -defining
features and the design is compatible with the
existing building.
» An addition or alteration should relate to the
original building in mass, scale, and character, but
should appear as new.
5. Redevelopment or infill projects should replicate the
existing character -defining features, defined below.
6. Redevelopment or infill of duplex or triplex houses
will be evaluated through the Town's Special Use
Review process as long as they maintain the mass,
scale, and character of surrounding structures.
7. Redevelopment or infill projects should provide
visuaI interest and architectural details, see page
66-67 for explanation and visual examples of
appropriate techniques.
To ensure reuse, redevelopment, infill, or additions
within the area preserve or replicate the character -
defining features, that character must be defined.
Most homes in the area are 1-2 story or split-level.
Architectural styles include ranches or raised ranches,
post-war bungalows, and simple miner -style cottages.
Features that should be preserved or replicated include:
low to medium pitch gabled or hip roofs, roof gables
(sometimes with decorative braces), window trim,
awnings, columns, and brick or decorative siding.
56
FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
1.2 LANDSCAPE AND SITE DESIGN GOALS
• To maximize landscaping health and survival.
• To encourage landscape designs that provide an
environmental benefit.
• To maintain a strong relationship between the building
and the street through contextually appropriate fence
and wall designs.
• To encourage best management practices for
residential water conservation, storm water
management and yard design.
1.2 GUIDELINES
1. Plant materials selected should be those that minimize
water usage. Minimize use of bluegrass turf, consider
water -wise grass such as buffalo grass and fescue.
2. Front yard fences should be low -height or highly
transparent such as pickets, split rail, or decorative
metal railing.
3. Screening, fencing, and walls should behigh-quality,
durable, and low -maintenance to ensure long-term use
and suitability for the Colorado climate.
4. Chain link fencing should not be considered a suitable,
high -quality material.
5. Water saving techniques for irrigation system designs
should be considered.
6. Low Impact Development yard solutions should be
considered including permeable driveway paving,
xeriscaping, rain gardens, and swales.
1.3 MAINTENANCE GOALS
• To ensure all homes and properties within the Historic
Firestone Neighborhood are maintained to provide a
public benefit and enhance the neighborhood character.
1.3 GUIDELINES
1. Consider providing resources, incentives, and
information to residents to improve building facades
and front yards. Resources should emphasize:
» The benefits of native and low water plants;
» Green infrastructure and xeriscaping; and
» Sustainable construction and maintenance processes.
2. Ensure facade improvements maintain or enhance
character -defining features and materials.
3. Focus outreach efforts on homes and yards that are
falling into dereliction.
Front yard fences should be avoided or highly
transparent such as pickets.
Low Impact Development yard solutions should be
considered including xeriscaping.
�-- � ,
_ .r-
Ensure facade improvements maintain or enhance
character -defining features and materials.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 4 57
® PRIVATE REALM - NEW DEVELOPMENT
Intent: To encourage high -quality new development that provides
new uses and services to Historic Firestone while complementing the
existing character and scale of the neighborhood.
Residential frontages that provide a transition between adjacent
sidewalks and private residences.
2.1 SETBACK AND PEDESTRIAN LEVEL GOALS
Buildings located to promote a continuous and uniform
Wing frontage.
• To ensure that all parts of the streetscape and the spaces between
buildings and the sidewalk activate or enhance the public realm.
• To encourage additional space for pedestrian movement and openings.
• To provide a consistent street edge that reinforces urban character
and human scale.
2.1 GUIDELINES
1. Buildings should be located to promote a
continuous and uniform building frontage along
First Street to the maximum extent practicable.
» Buildings should only beset back to provide
visual relief, create an outdoor amenity, or
provide a Publicly Accessible Private Open Space.
2. When located on First Street or Grant Avenue,
buildings should have their primary building
entrance located on these frontages.
3. The ground floor of all buildings should have
transparency suitable to their use.
» Ground -floor commercial uses should not be
less than sixty percent (65%)transparent.
The Town of Firestone development code
allows a maximum residential setback
of 10' for alley loaded homes and 20' for
front loaded garages and a commercial
setback of 20'. These guidelines aim to
build on that requirement to promote a
more pedestrian -oriented environment.
4. Commercial ground floors should have minimum ceiling
height of 12'.
5. For all commercial uses along First Street or the Main
Plaza, the maximum front setback should be 10 feet.
» Setbacks for commercial uses shall be primarily hard-
scapeand should act as an extension of the public realm.
6. For all residential uses the maximum front setback should
be 15 feet.
» Setbacks for residential uses should be primarily
softscape with the exception of stoops and porches.
7. Residential frontages should provide a transition between
adjacent sidewalks and private residences. Appropriate
strategies include:
» Ground -floor residential uses should not be less
than thirty percent (30%)transparent. » Planted areas or gardens;
» Alternatives to transparency can include » Stoops or porches;
wall art or murals, architectural screens, and » Cooking, eating, or seating areas; and
vertical gardens.
» Awnings or pergolas.
58 FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
2.2 MASS AND SCALE GOALS
• To create a comfortable, human -scale environment by
reducing the mass and scale of large buildings.
• To encourage varied and creative building massing that
provides visual interest.
• To maintain access to sunlight and views.
2.2 GUIDELINES
1. Building massing should be designed to reduce the
perceived size of the structure and create a human scale
along the street. See page 66 for explanation and visual
examples of appropriate techniques.
2. Building massing should be varied to provide visual
interest, especially on facades that face First Street, Grant
Avenue, or the Main Plaza. See page 66 for explanation
and visual examples of appropriate techniques.
3. Buildings adjacent to one or two story buildings should
step down in stories to transition to the height of the
smaller building(s).
4. Buildings should be designed with careful attention to
upper story massing and setbacks to preserve mountain
views from the Main Plaza and to maximize solar access
along the street and Plaza.
2.3 ARTICULATION AND DETAIL GOALS
• To provide a visually interesting facade that complements
the historic, civic, and commercial context.
• To reduce the perceived mass and scale of a building.
2.3 GUIDELINES
1. Articulation techniques that provide visual interest
and express a human scale should be used in the
design of building facades. This is especially important
along First Street, Grant Avenue, and the Main Plaza.
See page 67 for explanation and visual examples of
appropriate techniques.
2. Architectural details like exposed posts, beams,
trusses, and brackets should be included with facade
articulation.
3. Commercial buildings should be designed with a high
degree of transparency.
Building designed with careful attention to upper
story massing and setbacks.
Residential frontages should provide a transition
between adjacent sidewalks and private residences.
Commercial buildings designed with a high
degree of transparency.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 4 59
High -quality materials such as brick and stone.
Buildings should incorporate additional
sustainability features such as solar panels.
Private development with shared green spaces.
2.4 MATERIALS GOALS
• To ensure that building materials provide visual interest
and a sense of scale.
• To ensure that building materials are durable and low -
maintenance.
2.4 GUIDELINES
1. Building materials should contribute to visual interest
and convey a sense of human scale. Use materials that
have texture, finish, and detailing, and apply materials in
ways that create shadow, contrast, and depth.
2. Building materials should be of a proven durability.
Choose materials that are proven to be long-lasting and
low -maintenance in the Colorado climate.
3. High -quality materials such as brick, stone, terra Gotta,
metal panels, colored cement board panels, stainless
steel, and glass should be used.
4. Use local and regional materials, whenever feasible.
5. Synthetic, low -quality, or less durable materials
should not be used. Discouraged materials include:
EIFS (Exterior Insulation Finish Systems); fiberglass;
cementitious stucco; and vinyl siding.
2.5 SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN GOALS
• To encourage buildings that are designed using
sustainability best practices.
• To encourage buildings to incorporate additional
sustainability features and renewable energy solutions.
2.5 GUIDELINES
1. Buildings should be oriented to optimize passive solar
opportunities, solar gain, and natural day -lighting.
2. Buildings should be designed with proper insulation and
thermal mass to minimize heating/cooling needs and
reduce noise.
3. Buildings should incorporate additional sustainability
features to provide an environmental benefit. Strategies
include: green or vegetated roofs and living walls; solar
and other renewable energy sources; and captured
rainwater or greywater recycling systems.
4. Private development should incorporate shared green
spaces, whenever feasible.
60 • FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
2.6 LANDSCAPE DESIGN GOALS
• To provide screening, softening, and visual interest to
private development.
• To maximize landscaping health and survival.
• To utilize architectural and landscape screening
elements that help mitigate undesirable utility and
service use functions.
• To ensure that screening provides visual interest to an
adjacent public space.
2.6 GUIDELINES
1. Plant material should conform to the American Standard
for Nursery Stock and shall be of specimen quality.
2. Landscaping areas should be designed to protect and
support the root system of mature shade trees.
3. Plant materials selected should be those that minimize
water usage. Minimize use of bluegrass turf, consider
water -wise grass such as buffalo grass and fescue.
4. Landscaping palettes should be visually appealing and
provide varied and layered year-round interest.
5. Concentrations of landscaping should be located at
residential and commercial driveways and building entries.
6. Landscaping should be provided in front of all building
types to soften the appearance of private development.
7. Tree and plant species should be resilient and easy
to maintain.
Use hardy and drought tolerant plants.
Ensure tree and plant species diversity.
Consider salt tolerant plants where subject to de-icing.
8. New residential properties should be discouraged from
having front yard fences unless they are low, transparent
fences like split rail or open picket fences.
9. Chain link fencing should not be considered a suitable,
high -quality material for use on private development.
10. Screening, fencing, and walls should be high -quality,
durable, and low -maintenance to ensure long-term use
and suitability for the Colorado climate.
11. Landscape screening should be layered or utilized
in conjunction with screen walls to provide varied
screening and avoid a hard monotonous treatment.
Landscaping provided in front of buildings to soften
the appearance of private development.
Visually appealing landscaping palettes with varied
and layered year-round interest.
Landscape screening utilized in conjunction with
screen walls to avoid a hard monotonous treatment.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 4 61
2.2 MASS AND SCALE TECHNIQUES
Height variation -Vary the
height of a building to break up
large masses.
Facade plane changes —Use
changes in building facade such
as vertical notches or shifts to
provide relief at the pedestrian
level and avoid a long wall.
Upper story setback -Step
back upper floors to reduce mass
at the pedestrian level, provide
tree canopy space, and maximize
sky exposure.
Changes in materials —Material
changes that align with visual
breaks in massing, either vertically
or horizontally, provide variety and
continuity for longer facades.
Middle setback -Carve out
space in the middle of a building
on upper floors to reduce
its central mass. Creates an
opportunity for outdoor spaces.
Vertical projections —Use
pilastersI columns, or overhangs
to create a rhythm and enhance
the pedestrian experience.
62 • ` FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
2.3 ARTICULATION AND DETAIL TECHNIQUES
Accent lines -Use vertical and
horizontal features on a building wall.
An accent line often projects from the
wall. Examples include moldings, sills,
cornices, pilasters, and spandrels.
Balconies, canopies, and awnings
- Projecting elements add interest and
human scale to a building and provide
user comfort. They should be detailed
to be integral to the architecture.
Wall recesses, projections,
or banding - Recess or project
portions of wall in a vertical or
horizontal rhythm. Bands provide
predictability and visual interest.
Changes in color and
materials - Color and material
changes break up facades and
contribute to an interesting and
vibrant building.
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Window composition -
Windows of familiar dimensions
can convey a human scale. Aligning
windows horizontally and vertically
creates a visual rhythm.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 4 63
® PUBLIC REALM - STREETSCAPES
Intent: To create a safe and efficient network of pedestrian and
bicycle facilities while ensuring that streetscapes still meet the
vehicular needs of the community.
Trees and pedestrian amenities occupying a consistent, well
defined zones parallel to the pedestrian walking zone.
3.1 GENERAL STREETSCAPE GOALS
• To promote visual continuity along a street.
• To prioritize safe circulation to and through the site.
• To encourage pedestrian activity on the sidewalk and to
support activities such as shopping, dining, and gathering
3.1 GUIDELINES
1. Major pedestrian crossings should be designed
with bulb -outs or table top crossings to prioritize
pedestrian safety.
2. streetscapes should be designed to maintain
visual continuity.
» Establish a consistent rhythm of trees, lights,
furnishings, and other vertical elements.
» Use paving and materials to define pedestrian and
amenity zones.
3. The amenity zone should incorporate a variety of
pedestrian -oriented amenities (see 3.2 for more
information on pedestrian amenities).
4. Streetscape designs should integrate pedestrian -
scale lighting to encourage evening use and
enhance security.
Major pedestrian crossing with bulb -outs to prioritize
pedestrian safety.
As part of the Historic Neighborhood Plan a set
of preferred street designs have been created for
major streets, these are intended to create a palette
of street cross sections for improving Firestone
streetscapes. This palette starting on page 32 aims
to provide a hierarchy of street types and can be
referenced in conjunction with these guidelines.
5. Street furnishings, trees and pedestrian amenities
should occupy consistent, well defined zones parallel
to the pedestrian walking zone.
6. Streetscape furnishings, such as cafe seating, should
be placed behind a 6 foot clear zone for uninhibited
pedestrian travel along the sidewalk.
7. streetscapes should be designed with furnishings to
add visual interest and utility.
» Use attractive functional elements such as
decorative railings, seating, walls, and paving.
» Introduce Historic Firestone character through
decorative street lights and banners.
» Consider Historic Firestone Neighborhood branding
integrated into amenities or public art.
64 • fiRESTOHE DESIGN GUIDELINES
3.2 PEDESTRIAN AMENITIES GOALS
• To select a palette of unique and consistent pedestrian
and bicycle amenities to unify the character and identity
of the Historic Firestone streetscapes.
• To provide adequate pedestrian and bicycle amenities to
encourage non -vehicular modes of travel.
3.2 GUIDELINES
1. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should be high -
quality, durable, and low -maintenance to ensure long-
term use and suitability for the Colorado climate.
2. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should be unifying
elements with a palette of furnishings consistent with
the historic neighborhood historic character.
3. streetscapes should include a consistent palette
of well -distributed amenities to provide pedestrian
and cyclist comfort and convenience. Appropriate
amenities include:
» Benches; » Wayfinding;
» Trash and recycling Bike racks; and
receptacles; Pet waste bag
» Seat walls/planter boxes; dispensers.
» Decorative light posts;
4. Pedestrian amenities should be co -located in strategic
clusters along the street that indicate areas of rest and
pause to pedestrians.
5. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should be located to
avoid conflicts with the direct flow of pedestrian and
cyclist travel.
6. Pedestrian amenities should accommodate a variety of
visitor needs, abilities, and activities.
7. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should incorporate
historic, artistic, creative, or decorative elements into
their design.
Pedestrian and bicycle amenities as unifying
elements with a palette of consistent furnishings.
Pedestrian and bicycle amenities that incorporate
historic and creative elements into their design.
Pedestrian and bicycle amenities located to avoid
conflicts with the direct flow of pedestrian travel.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 4 65
The use of chicanes to slow traffic, create bulbouts
for safer crossings, and provide more amenity space.
..km.-A�= a
streetscape improvements like beautification and
sharrows to provide a safe bicycle facility,
The 10' pedestrian trail along Grant Avenue.
3.3 FIRST STREET GOALS
• To create a historic neighborhood -scale Main Street for
Historic Firestone.
• To promote a more safe, active, and pedestrian -oriented
streetscape.
3.3 GUIDELINES �__
1. The streetscape should be designed to increase
pedestrian -oriented space, particularly along the east
side of the street adjacent to the businesses.
2. Consider the use of chicanes along First Street to slow
traffic, create bulbouts for safer crossings, and provide
more amenity space along the street.
3.4 BUCHANAN AVENUE GOALS
• To maintain the existing street character and private
property lines.
• To create a safe streetscape for pedestrians and cyclists.
3.4 GUIDELINES
1. Initial streetscape improvements should include
beautification and sharrows to provide a safe bicycle
facility through the neighborhood,
2. Consider reducing travel lane widths to slow traffic and
provide additional pedestrian space on the north side
of the street.
Private property lines should be maintained.
3.5 GRANT AVENUE GOALS
• To continue the pedestrian trail design along the full
length of the street.
• To enhance the streetscape character as the major
entryway to Historic Firestone,
3.5 GUIDELINES
1. The 10' pedestrian trail should be continued past Hart
Park to accommodate new development along the street.
2. Initial streetscape improvements should include
beautification, amenities, and a gateway design to mark
entry to the Historic Firestone neighborhood.
Private property lines should be maintained.
66 • r1RE8TORE DESIGN GUIDELINES
3.6 LOCAL NEIGHBORHOOD STREETS
• To ensure proper upkeep of the existing streets network.
• To ensure awell-maintained and consistent streetscape
experience throughout the historic neighborhood.
• To provide improvements over time that promote a more
safe, pedestrian -oriented streetscape.
3.6 GUIDELINES
1. Maintenance and upkeep of the local street network
should be a priority before, during, and after any
other streetscape improvements so that the needs
of the neighborhood residents continue to be met.
Maintenance items to evaluate should include:
» Potholes; Alley surfacing;
» Sidewalk connectivity » Striping; and
and surfacing; » Accessibility.
2. Consistent, continuous, 5' minimum sidewalks, should
be provided throughout the study area.
3. Gravel alleys should be paved to create a consistent
quality throughout the neighborhood and to ensure
accessible sidewalks where they cross alleys.
4. Initial streetscape improvements to consider should
include beautification, minimizing curb cuts, providing
bulbouts or tabletop crossings where feasible, and
reducing travel lane widths to slow traffic and provide
additional space for pedestrians and cyclists.
5. streetscape improvements should protect and support
the root system of shade trees and new planting areas
should avoid the discouraged species listed below.
Several tree species have been shown to have major
drawbacks in the front range region for a number of
reasons, including hardiness, susceptibility to disease
and harmful insects, and invasive growth patterns.
Trees that should be avoided in Firestone streetscapes
and public realm include:
» Female Cottonwood tree (Populus Deltoides);
» Box Elder (Acer Negundo);
» Siberian Elm (Ulmus Pumila);
» Russian Olive; and
» Ash trees.
streetscape improvements include providing
bulbouts or tabletop crossings.
Paved alleys to ensure accessible sidewalks
where they cross alleys.
streetscape improvements that protect and support
the root system of shade trees.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 4 67
® PUBLIC REALM = PLAZA AND PUBLIC SPACES
Intent: To create active, vibrant, and functional spaces that are
of an appropriate scale, well-amenitized, and true to Firestone's
character and history.
Pedestrian and bicycle amenities acting as unifying elements
4.1 PEDESTRIAN AMENITIES GOALS
r—
i
Pedestrian and bicycle amenities that incorporate
historic elements.
• To select a palette of unique and consistent pedestrian and bicycle amenities to unify the character and identity of
the public realm within the Historic Firestone Neighborhood.
• To select and locate pedestrian and bicycle amenities to encourage activity and gathering in the public realm.
4.1 GUIDELINES
1. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should behigh-quality, durable, and low -maintenance to ensure long-term use
and suitability for the Colorado climate.
2. Pedestrian and bicycle amenities should be unifying elements with a palette of furnishings consistent with the
Historic Firestone neighborhood historic character.
3. All areas within the public spaces should include a consistent palette of well -distributed amenities to provide
pedestrian comfort and convenience. Appropriate amenities include:
» Benches; Seat walls/planter boxes; Bike racks; and
» Tables; Trash and recycling receptacles; Pet waste bag dispensers.
4. Pedestrian amenities should accommodate a variety of visitor needs, abilities, and activities.
5. Pedestrian amenities should incorporate historic, artistic, creative, or decorative elements into their design.
6. A variety of pedestrian amenity types and uses should be provided, including flexible furnishings in areas that could
be used for events or other activities.
4.2 PAVING MATERIALS GOALS
• To support a variety of activities and abilities.
• To clearly distinguish pedestrian use areas from other modes of travel.
• To encourage creative paving designs that help create a unique sense of place.
68
FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
4.2 GUIDELINES
1. Distinct paving materials should be used to indicate
areas of continuous travel and facilitate clear, pedestrian
navigation on sidewalks, intersections, and parking areas.
2. Creative paving designs should be used in public spaces
such as plazas and setbacks to create visual interest.
3. Paving materials should be used to help guide
movement and differentiate between uses.
4.3 LANDSCAPING GOALS
• To provide screening, softening, and visual interest to
the public realm.
• To maximize landscaping health and survival.
• To ensure that screening provides visual interest to an
adjacent public space.
4.3 GUIDELINES
1. Plant material should conform to the American Standard
for Nursery Stock and shall be of specimen quality.
2. Landscaping areas should be designed to protect and
support the root system of mature shade trees.
3. Plant materials selected should be those that minimize
water usage. Minimize use of bluegrass turf, consider
water -wise grass such as buffalo grass and fescue or
high -quality artificial turf.
4. Landscaping palettes should be visually appealing and
provide varied and layered year-round interest.
5. Concentrations of landscaping should be located at
intersection nodes, plazas, and gateways.
6. Landscaping should be provided to soften the
appearance of the streetscape and public realm.
7. Tree and plant species should be resilient and easy to
maintain.
Use hardy and drought tolerant plants.
Ensure tree and plant species diversity.
Consider salt tolerant plants where subject to de-icing.
8. Screening, fencing, and walls should behigh-quality,
durable, and low -maintenance to ensure long-term use
and suitability for the Colorado climate.
9. Landscape screening should be layered or utilized
in conjunction with screen walls to provide varied
screening and avoid a hard monotonous treatment.
_ _ -� �
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Paving materials used to help guide movement and
differentiate between uses.
Landscaping provided to soften the appearance of
the streetscape and public realm.
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Landscaping areas designed to protect and support
the root system of mature shade trees.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 4 69
Sign designed to be creative and iconographic.
Light design with a unique experience through
the use of decorative lighting.
Exterior lighting designed to provide consistent
coloration and uniform light distribution.
4.4 SIGNAGE GOALS
• To encourage sign locations that promote a vibrant,
pedestrian -oriented street frontage.
• To create visual interest and a well-defined sense
of place.
4.4 GUIDELINES
1. Signage and wayfinding should be well -constructed with
durable materials that will maintain their quality.
2. Projecting signs should be encouraged in the
Historic Neighborhood,
3. Building signs should be compatible with the
building's architecture in material, color, finish, and
attachment details.
4. Signs should be oriented or illuminated so that
they do not adversely affect existing nearby
residential uses or structures.
5. Signage and wayfinding should be designed to be
creative and iconographic, whenever feasible.
4.5 LIGHTING GOALS
• To provide safe, welcoming, and well -lit pedestrian
walkways and public realm environments.
• To minimize light pollution and impacts on building
occupants and adjacent developments.
4.5 GUIDELINES
1. Building entries should be well lit.
2. Exterior lighting should be designed to provide
consistent coloration and uniform light distribution
without overly bright or poorly lit spots.
3. Exterior lighting should be designed to reduce glare and
minimize light trespass.
4. Exterior lighting should contribute to a safe environment
for all users.
5. Pedestrian lighting along public trails and in plazas
should be provided at an interval of no less than 25' to
ensure the public realm is well lit.
6. Light fixtures should be designed to a pedestrian scale
and to accommodate banners and decorative lighting.
7. Light design should create a unique experience through
the use of innovative, decorative, and feature lighting.
70 FIRESTONE DESIGN GUIDELINES
4.6 PUBLIC ART GOALS
• To create a unique sense of place by utilizing public art
to add to the interest and character of the public realm.
• To encourage a variety of public art in strategic,
prominent, and functional locations.
4.6 GUIDELINES
1. Public art should be placed in highly visible areas,
along key sight lines, and as focal points in highly
trafficked areas.
» Opportunities for seating and interaction with the art
pieces) should be incorporated.
» Consider public art at gateways and key intersections.
2. Public art should be constructed of durable materials
that will withstand the sun and freeze thaw conditions
of the Colorado climate.
3. Public art such as sculptures, wall art, and murals should
integrated into streetscapes, particularly on First Street.
4. Public art should match the historic character of the
Historic Firestone Neighborhood.
4.7 GATEWAY GOALS
• To clearly signal to people that they are entering Historic
Firestone, a distinct and recognizable place.
• To represent the unique and historic nature of Firestone
through an artistic design of the entry gateways.
4.7 GUIDELINES
1. Gateways should incorporate historic and artistic
elements into their design. Recommended elements
include:
» Traditional materials such as steel, stone, and wood;
» Historic items such as minecarts, railroad tracks, or
other western iconography; and
» Decorative landscaping.
2. Gateways should be designed with vertical elements to
be clearly visible to people entering Historic Firestone,
3. Any text incorporated into gateway elements should be
easy to read and integral to the design of the gateway.
4. Entry gateways should have a clear hierarchy. The
three recommended types of gateway are: primary
vehicular gateways, secondary vehicular gateways, and
pedestrian and bicycle gateways.
Public art placed in a highly visible area, along
key sight lines.
Public art with historic character.
Historic and artistic elements include historic items
such as mine carts.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 4 71
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5
r
IMPLEMENTATION
Tools for implementation are a key part of
this Plan, whereby all the recommendations
in the previous Chapters can become a reality
for Historic Firestone. This chapter includes
implementation first steps, a matrix that
guides implementation and funding of projects
and programs, and an overview of the funding
mechanisms available to the Town of Firestone.
SUBSECTIONS
..t
5.0 Project and Program Prioritization Matrix
5.1 Funding Mechanisms
.�;
e- -A
. r
.�
F
73
PROJECT AND PROGRAM PRIORITIZATION MATRIX
This section collects all the projects and programs that are
recommended throughout the Plan and lays out a path to
achieving them. The matrix on the following pages recommends
partners, advocates, timing, cost, and funding mechanisms
needed to bring these projects and programs to fruition.
This page and the following page describe the elements found in the matrix on pages 80-83. The first section of the matrix
lists the projects and programs located in Chapter 2, Plan Framework Recommendations and the second covers the
projects in Chapter 3, Catalytic Projects. The first page of each describes the recommended partners and advocates the
Town should work with, as well as the general timing and factor of scale cost for implementation. The second page indicates
which funding mechanisms can be pursued. These mechanisms are described in more detail in Section 5.1, pages 84-85.
Partners and Advocates
The key partners and advocates are the public and private entities that can help implement each project and program or
that are major stakeholders. They are described below with the abbreviations used in the table.
H • Firestone Planning and Development am The Planning Department is a partner in all projects and programs.
Z Firestone Engineering - The Engineering Department provides master planning, design, review, and technical support
g of the Town's various public infrastructure elements.
Public Works an This department oversees the management of Firestone's streets, utility infrastructure, and other facilities.
WFirestone Economic Development (Eco. Devo.) - The Economic Development department provides services for
p businesses and development and also see the Urban Renewal Area.
• Firestone Parks and Trails (Parks & Trails) - The Parks and Trails department, within the broader Public Works
V department, manages the Town's parks, trails, and open space and programming within them.
� Historic Firestone Neighborhood Coalition (HF Neigh. Coalition) -The creation of this group is recommended as
W part of the Plan recommendations. They Lou" oversee neighborhood -specific beautification, events, and programs.
1=
H State of Colorado (State of CO) - The State of Colorado may provide assistance and guidance for projects in several
Z capacities and through multiple departments, for example, Public Safety, which aids in oil and gas hazard mitigation.
V Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) - More specifically, CDOT is a state -run agency that has purview
mover all state highways and also works across Colorado to help provide multi -modal transportation systems.
a Carbon Valley Recreation District (Carbon Valley Rec.) amThe Recreation District offers and supports recreation and
programming for the region.
N Carbon Valley Chamber of Commerce (Carbon Valley COC) -The regional Chamber of Commerce provides support
�,.i for local businesses, economic development, and programming.
~ Property Owners ONE Property owners are a crucial part of Firestone, they are both stakeholders and partners in
Zneighborhood projects. Some of the larger catalytic projects rely on the cooperation of the owners of the vacant land.
W Business Owners (Biz Owners) - Like property owners, business owners are both stakeholders and partners,
Qparticularly for improvements along First Street. They should benefit from any improvements made there.
> Local Developers - Local developers will be crucial in the successful implementation of the catalytic projects.
Ix Oil and Gas Companies (0&G Co) - Oil and gas has mineral interests in the vacant areas of Historic Firestone and will
need to be partners in any development that occurs in those areas.
74 rinESTUBE IMPLEMENTATION
Timing
A timing estimate for each project is provided in the
matrix below. These are a rough idea of when the project
can and should be implemented as well as the order
in which the steps can be taken. A project or program
identified as a "Short Term" is something the Town
could begin work, setup, or coordination on immediately
and complete or establish within a year. Those that are
identified as "Medium Term" are relatively near -term
action items that will likely take between one and three
years, while projects and programs identified as a "Long
Term" are improvements that will likely require several
initial steps and higher levels of design, funding, and
community buy -in before they can be implemented in
three or more years. "Ongoing" projects are ones that will
take consistent, but not extensive maintenance.
In the Catalytic Projects matrix, for recommendations
within each project category (the blue matrix heading),
projects with shorter time frames are prerequisites for
the projects with longer time frames. For example, on the
vacant land sites, environmental mitigation must be done
before the utility construction, which must be done before
the development can occur.
COSt
The final column on the first page of the matrices is
a rough estimation of cost. This is provided as simple
dollar signs, with one "$" symbol indicating the cheapest
projects and programs, with an estimated cost of under
$50,000, and three "$" symbols indicating the most
expensive, with an estimated cost of over $1 million.
These are order of magnitude cost estimates that will
help compare the relative cost of projects to each other.
Those projects and programs with one dollar symbol
are considered "low -hanging fruit" and something that
can be implemented quickly, particularly if it also has a
short term time frame. Projects and programs with three
dollar symbols are the most involved and visionary of
the projects and programs and can be implemented over
time as funding becomes available.
More detailed cost estimating for two of the Catalytic
Projects -the gateways and the plaza concept -can be
found in Chapter 3, Catalytic Projects, in their respective
subsections, 3.0 and 3.1.
Firestone Planning and Development, Zoning Tool
�'� CAR,B�N V�#LLEY
i'Hf;KS u hEt�RkAIIu�V Ul�lhi�l
Carbon Valley Parks and Recreation District
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 5 75
Neighborhood Opportunities Matrix
This matrix includes the most actionable recommendations, projects, and programs from Chapter 2, Plan Framework
Recommendations. The headings are organized by the subsections with the Chapter.
Partners and Advocates
Timing
Cost
LAND USE AND BUILT FORM
Extend Hart Park
Local Developers, Carbon Valley Rec.
Medium Term
$$
Existing Residential Support
I LC program
Biz & Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$
Program for residential facade/curb appeal
improvement & home upkeep for seniors
Biz & Property Owners, Neigh. Coalition
Short Term/Ongoing
$-$$
Reestablish HF Coalition award program
Neigh. Coalition, Biz & Property Owners
Short Term
$
ADU Program
Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$
Tracking/addressing of code violations
Neigh. Coalition
Short Term/Ongoing
$
Revitalization volunteer program
Neigh. Coalition, Biz & Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$
First Street
Facade/public realm improvement program
Neigh Coalition, Biz & Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$$=$$$
Asbestos abatement and structural
assistance program
Biz & Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$$
Demolition assistance program
Biz & Property Owners
Short Term/Ongoing
$$
Assistance for small businesses
Neigh. Coalition, Biz Owners, Carbon Valley COC
Short Term/Ongoing
$=$$
MOBILITY AND STREETSCAPES
First Street improvements
Biz & Property Owners, Neigh. Coalition, Carbon
Valley COC
Medium Term
$$$
Medium Term
$$$
Grant Avenue improvements
Buchanan Avenue improvements
Biz & Property Owners, Neigh, Coalition
Long Term
$$$
Long Term
$$$
Fourth Street improvements
INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
Underground utility lines
United Power, Biz & Property Owners
Medium Term/Ongoing
$$$
Alley paving program
Property &Biz Owners, Neigh. Coalition
Medium Term/Ongoing
$$$
Short Term/Ongoing
$$
Sidewalk ramp repair for ADA compliance
Upgrading water lines
Property & Biz Owners, State of CO,
Neigh. Coalition
Ongoing
$$$
Medium Term/Ongoing
$$$
Drainage improvements
CHARACTER AND CHARM
Branding strategy
Neigh. Coalition, Carbon Valley COC
Short Term
$
Historic preservation program
Neigh. Coalition, Property & Biz Owners
Short Term
$
76
FIRESTONE IMPLEMENTATION
�J
NOTE. More information about
each funding mechanism and
its potential use can be found
on pages 84-86.
LAND USE AND BUILT FORM
Extend Hart Park
X
X
X
X
X
Developer
existing Residential Su ort
ILC program
General Fund
Program for residential facade/curb appeal
improvement &home upkeep for seniors
X
X
)�
X
Reestablish HF Coalition award program
General Fund
ADU Program
X
X
X
Tracking/addressing of code violations
X
General Fund
Revitalization volunteer program
X
General Fund
First Street
Facade/public realm improvement program
X
X
X
X
X
Asbestos abatement and structural
assistance program
X
X
X
X
X
Demolition assistance program
X
X
X
Assistance for small businesses
X
X
X
X
MOBILITY AND STREETSCAPES
First Street improvements
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Grant Avenue improvements
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Buchanan Avenue improvements
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Fourth Street improvements
X
X
X
X
X
INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
Underground utility lines
X
X
X
United Power
Alley paving program
X
X
Fed ADA Grant
Sidewalk ramp repair for ADA compliance
X
X
X
X
Fed ADA Grant
Upgrading water lines
X
X
X
X
X
Drainage improvements
X
X
X
X
Mitigation Grant
CHARACTER AND CHARM
Branding strategy
X
X
Tourism Grant
Historic preservation program
X
X
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 5 77
Catalytic Projects Matrix
This matrix includes the projects and action items from Chapter 3, Catalytic Projects. The headings are organized
by the subsections with the Chapter. More information about phasing and cost can be found within that Chapter.
Partners and Advocates
Timing
Cost
GATEWAYS
Primary vehicular gateway
Carbon Valley COC, CDOT,
Neigh. Coalition, Biz & Property Owners
Short Term
$$*
Short Term
$$
Secondary vehicular gateway
Medium Term
$
Pedestrian gateway
PLAZA CONCEPT
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
Carbon Valley COC, Neigh. Coalition, Biz &
Property Owners
Short Term
$$$
Short Term
$$$*
Construct plaza and amenities
Develop community/retail buildings
Biz Owners, Local Developers, Carbon Valley COC
Medium Term
$$$
Event/programming coordination
Biz Owners, Neigh. Coalition, Carbon Valley COC
Short Term
$
SADDLEBACK ESTATES
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
Local Developers, Property Owners
Medium Term
$$$
Incentivize desired development
Local Developers, Carbon Valley COC
Medium Term
$
OVERLOOK PROPERTY
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
Local Developers, Property Owners
Medium Term
$$$
Incentivize desired development
Local Developers, Carbon Valley COC
Medium Term
$
* For a more detailed cost estimate, see Catalytic Projects sections 3.0 (Gateways) and 3.1 (Plaza Concept),
For assumptions and exclusions related to those costs, see below.
PLAZA CONCEPT AND GATEWAY COST ASSUMPTIONS
1. Assumes stormwater piping to existing storm mains in the perimeter streets, additional study for drainage
capacity will be required.
2. Plaza utilities assume Area Drains, Water Connections for Irrigation, and Electrical Connections for Lighting,
Food Trucks, &Stage Area.
3. Utility connections for Commercial Buildings assume Water, Sanitary Sewer, Electrical, Gas, R.
Telecommunications. Additional study will be required.
4. Chemical subgrade treatment & overexcavation are excluded, Geotechnical Investigation will be required.
5. Soft Costs include Public Art(1%)Owners Representati75% Preconstruction Services (.3
, , 5 Engineering and Architecture Fees (8.5%), Plan Investment and Tap Fees (1.5%), Construction Testing (1%),
Survey and Geotechnical (.5%), Reimbursable Expenses (.5%), Plan Review and Permit Fees (1%)
6. Assumes current 2021 pricing data. Pricing should be adjusted due to yearly inflation for construction costs.
78
FIRESTONE IMPLEMENTATION
NOTE: More information about
each funding mechanism and
its potential use can be found
on pages 84-86.
��
GATEWAYS
Primary vehicular gateway
X
X
X
X
Tourism Grant
Secondary vehicular gateway
X
X
X
Tourism Grant
Pedestrian gateway
X
X
X
Tourism Grant
PLAZA CONCEPT
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
X
X
X
X
X
Construct plaza and amenities
X
X
X
X
X
X
Develop community/retail buildings
X
X
X
X
X
3C
Event/programming coordination
X
X
SADDLEBACK ESTATES
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
X
X
X
X
X
Incentivize desired development
X
X
X
X
OVERLOOK PROPERTY
Construct infrastructure, utilities, etc
X
X
X
X
X
Incentivize desired development
X
X
X
X
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN I CHAPTER 5 79
® FUNDING MECHANISMS
A variety of funding mechanisms and resources are available to
Historic Firestone in its efforts to revitalize, develop, and better
serve the neighborhood. These mechanisms should be explored
to implement the projects and programs found in the matrix.
Funding, financing, and capacity support is available through a variety of agencies at several scales. Mechanisms
include grant funding, programs that provide resources and support, development fees, tax revenue, bonds, loans,
and economic recovery money. These are available through local, state, and federal agencies and non -profits. A
variety of funding mechanisms should be explored for implementing the projects and programs in this Plan. These
funding mechanisms and programs and their acronyms correspond to the columns in the implementation matrix
in the previous section. Projects and programs that could be supported by each mechanism receive a check in
that column. A few other mechanisms are listed in the "other column" and should be explored further, including
United Power Franchise Fees, Federal ADA funding, the Department of Public Safety Hazard Mitigation Assistance
Grant (for environmental remediation of undermining and oil and gas extraction), and the formation of a Business
Improvement District (BID) for the commercial area of Historic Firestone.
Grants
• Revitalizing Main Street Grant - The Revitalizing Main Streets Program,
operated by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), provides
two different Main Street grants. Both are in support of Colorado's COVID-19
Recovery Plan. The first provides funding for larger safety infrastructure grants,
for which larger improvements along Grant Avenue and First Street would be
eligible, on the condition of an at least 20% local match. The second grant
opportunity is the Small Multi -modal and Economic Resiliency Projects, which
is awarded based on the following relevant goals: encouraging active, multi -
modal transportation; improving equity and public space access; and expanding
economic opportunity and development.
Revitalizing
Main Streets
• Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) Mobility Grants -Two different funding sources from CDOT
are available to projects that provide multi -modal facilities, the Transportation Alternative Program (TAP) and the
Multimodal Options Funds (MMOF). This funding is available to projects that provide pedestrian and bicycle facilities.
These would be particularly relevant to Historic Firestone's current and future off-street multi -modal trails. TAP is a
competitive grant program while MMOF funds are distributed among Colorado Transportation Planning Regions that
prioritize and select eligible projects within their regions.
• Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO) Grants - GOCO is a Colorado non-profit dedicated to preserving land and
encouraging outdoor recreation. Their Community Impact Grants are offered to municipalities for the revitalization of
outdoor spaces such as parks and trails. Note, these grants have been identified for use in development of the vacant
properties but can only be used to fund the planning, design, and construction of the outdoor spaces in those areas.
• Community Development Block Grant (CBDG) - CBDGs are issued by DOLA for municipalities to fund acquisition,
design, development, rehabilitation of public facilities, streetscape improvements, water systems, and community
facilities. They are reserved for those projects that benefit low- and moderate- income persons or to prevent or eliminate
blight. The Block Grants could be used for development of the vacant land only if it meets the affordability conditions.
80
FIRESTONE IMPLEMENTATION
Local Mechanisms
• Firestone Urban Renewal Authority Tax Increment Financing (FORA TIF) Funding -The Town of Firestone's
Southern Urban Renewal Area covers the streets of the Historic Neighborhood, as well as the parks, the Saddleback
Estates, and the Overlook Property. FURA collects any funds obtained by increases in tax revenue in the area
(tax increment) and can spend them on improvement projects within the Southern Urban Renewal Area. Note,
improvements would likely have to happen on these vacant parcels in order for tax increment to be collected within
the Southern Renewal Area, given the limited scope of the FURA within the neighborhood.
• General Funds /Capital Improvement Project (CIP) Funding -Municipal funding, either the non -earmarked or
CIP-designated revenues, can be used to fund a variety of projects within the Town. These include infrastructure
improvements, amenities, and other Town -funded projects.
• General Obligation (GO) Bonds - GO Bonds provide municipal funding for projects that don't generate direct
revenue. They are backed by the full faith and credit of the local government and are repaid through tax revenue. They
can help fund capital improvements at a very low interest and are payed back over time. GO Bonds may only be issued
if authorized by a ballot election of the issuing municipality.
• Certificates of Participation (COPs) - COPs provide Firestone another way of funding projects outside of municipal
bonds and are often used to finance real property, construction of public facilities, and facility maintenance and
renovation. Through the COP an investor or developer buys a share in the improvements or development that the
Town would fund through alease-purchase agreement. The lease payments are not secured by a particular revenue
source and pay for the project over time.
• Impact Fees -Impact Fees are fees that are imposed by a local government on new or proposed development projects
to pay for all or a portion of the costs of providing public services to the new development.
State Mechanisms
• Colorado Housing and Finance Authority (CHFA) -CHFA is astate-sponsored organization that assists in home-
ownershipand works to increase Colorado's housing stock. CHFA provides funding and low -interest loans for missing
middle and multi -family housing projects, with an emphasis on affordable, senior, family, and rural housing. They also
have asmall-scale housing program that provides permanent loan financing for multi -family projects under 20 units.
• Department of Local Affairs (DOLA) Programs - DOLA offers two programs focused on economic development
and Main Street revitalization. The first, the Rural Economic Development Initiative (REDI) program, helped fund
the Neighborhood Plan. This program should be explored for future funding opportunities in support of First Street
redevelopment, particularly in the areas of job creation and small business retention. The other DOLA program
that should be explored is the Colorado Main Street Program, which offers support for community -led downtown
revitalization. This could provide support services for First Street -specific programs.
Federal Mechanisms
• American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) Funding - In May 2022, Firestone will receive the second half of its allocated
ARPA funds. Municipalities can use ARPA funds to address the negative economic impacts caused by the public health
emergency, which could include help for local businesses, and to invest in infrastructure improvements like water lines.
• US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Loans and Grants -The USDA provides a number of federal loan and
grant opportunities, relevant programs are described in more detail on the following page.
HISTORIC FIRESTONE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN � CHAPTER 5 81
USDA Funding Programs
AVAILABLE TO TOWN OF FIRESTONE
• Community Facilities Direct Loan and Grant Program: The USDA operates a Community Facilities
Direct Loan and Grant program that helps fund community facilities such as health care facilities, street
improvements, community services (like child care and community centers), public safety services, and local
food systems for rural areas, including Towns with less than 20,000 residents, which makes Firestone eligible.
Note, the program prioritizes low incorne communities and will provide less funding for larger communities.
• Rural Business Development Grants in CO: Rural towns with less than 50,000 residents (outside urban
areas) can apply for planning, technical assistance, and training for small business development (small applies
to businesses with fewer than 50 workers). There is no maximum grant amount, but smaller requests are given
higher priority. Funds can also be used for feasibility studies, land acquisition, and economic development.
• Multifamily Housing Direct Loans: These USDA loans are slated for the creation of multi -family rental housing
for low-income families, the elderly, and disabled individuals in rural areas. The loans can be obtained by most
state and local governmental entities as well as trusts, associations, and organizations. Applicants must have
the legal authority needed to construct, operate and maintain the proposed facilities and services.
AVAILABLE TO PARTNERS AND LENDERS
• Single Family Housing Repair Loans & Grants: This program is available to local homeowners who must
occupy the residence and meet an income threshold of 50% below the area median income or be age 62 and
older. The low -interest -rate loans can be applied to repairs, improvements, or modernization, while the grants,
which are only available to seniors, can be used to remove health and safety hazards. Any Historic Firestone
residents who meet this criteria and need should be encouraged to apply.
• Multifamily Housing Loan Guarantees: Loan guarantees are available to private -sector lenders, HUD, or
state and local housing finance agencies to provide loans to state and local governmental entities, nonprofit
organizations, or for -profit organizations that are building or preserving affordable rural rental housing. The
housing must be a minimum of five units and meet several criteria for affordability. The Town of Firestone
would need to partner with a lender in order to secure and use this loan opportunity..
• OneRD Guarantee Loan Initiative: This program provides loan guarantees to eligible lenders to provide water
and waste water disposal, business and industry, rural energy, or develop essential community facilities in rural
areas. The Community Facilities Guaranteed Loan (most relevant to the Historic Neighborhood) can be used
to construct, enlarge, extend or otherwise improve essential community facilities such as health care services,
community or cultural facilities, streets, parks, and infrastructure. The guarantee can only be provided to banks,
mortgage and holding companies, and credit unions and would require partnership for the Town of Firestone.
• Rural Innovation Stronger Economy (RISE) Grants: This program, which is available to "rural jobs accelerator
partnerships" offers grant assistance to create and augment high -wage jobs, accelerate the formation of new
businesses, support industry clusters and maximize the use of local productive assets in eligible low-income
rural areas. These partnerships must have expertise in delivering economic and job training programs and
consist of non-profit entities, state entities, or public bodies. The Town of Firestone would need to partner with a
local center or program that qualifies as a jobs accelerator in order to make use of these funds.
• Multifamily Housing Rental Assistance: This program provides payments to owners of USDA -financed rural
housing projects (through the Multifamily Housing Direct Loans above) to help low-income tenants pay their
full rent. The owner of the multifamily project must apply on behalf of the low-income tenants to subsidize their
rent. Owners may then use the funds to pay operational expenses.
82
fIRESTOHE IMPLEMENTATION
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